Increasing sequence of topologies on the set of positive integers (Q2140619)

For a positive integer \(a\) and a prime number \(p\), we let \(\Theta(a)\) be the set of all prime factors of \(a\) and \(l_p(a)\) be the largest integer number such that \(p^{l_p(a)}\) divides \(a\). Golomb's topology on \(\mathbb{N}\) is the one with basis the set of all arithmetic progressions \(\{an + b\}\) such that \((a, b) = 1\) In this paper, the author introduces an increasing sequence \((\mathcal{D}_m)\) of connected topologies on \(\mathbb{N}\). The topology \(\mathcal{D}_m\) is defined to be the one with basis consisting of all arithmetic progressions \(\{an + b\}\) which are open in Golomb's topology \(\mathcal{D}\), and the largest power of each prime factor that divides \(a\) is not greater than \(m\). The author shows the following results: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] The sum of all topologies \(\mathcal{D}_m\) is Golomb's topology. \item[2.] All the topologies \(\mathcal{D}_m\) are connected Hausdorff but not regular. \item[3.] Let \(a,b,m \in\mathbb{N}\); then the arithmetic progression \(\{an+b\}\) is \(\mathcal{D}_m\)-connected if and only if \(\Theta(a)\subseteq \Theta(b)\) or \(l_p(a)\geq m\), for each \(p\in \Theta(a) \setminus\Theta(b)\). \end{itemize} As a consequence, the author establishes that the spaces \((\mathcal{D}_m, \mathbb{N})\) are locally connected. The paper is well written and the proofs are elementary and clear.