The orthogonal branching problem for symplectic monogenics (Q2141074)

An important tool for understanding the representation theory for a Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) is the study of restrictions of an irreducible representation \(\rho\) for \(\mathfrak{g}\) to a Lie subalgebra \(\mathfrak{g}' \subset \mathfrak{g}\). This so-called restricted representation will in general no longer be irreducible but rather decompose as a direct sum of irreducible representations for \(\mathfrak{g}'\). The algebraic tool which allows one to describe which \(\mathfrak{g}'\)-irreducible summands show up and what their multiplicities are is called a branching rule (see, e.g., [\textit{R. Goodman} and \textit{N. R. Wallach}, Symmetry, representations, and invariants. Based on the book `Representations and invariants of the classical groups' originally published by Cambridge University Press, 1998. New York, NY: Springer (2009; Zbl 1173.22001)]). In this paper, the authors study the \(\mathfrak{sp}(2m)\)-invariant Dirac operator \(D_s\) which acts on symplectic spinors, from an orthogonal point of view. They focus on the subalgebra \(\mathfrak{so}(m) \subset \mathfrak{sp}(2m)\), as this allows them to derive branching rules for the space of 1-homogeneous polynomial solutions for the operator \(D_s\) (hence generalising the classical Fischer decomposition in harmonic analysis for a vector variable in \(\mathbb{R}^m\)). To arrive at this result, they use techniques from representation theory, including the transvector algebra \(\mathcal{Z}(\mathfrak{sp}(4), \mathfrak{so}(4))\) and tensor products of Verma modules.