Energy equality of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations and generalized Newtonian equations (Q2145086)

The Cauchy problem (on \(\mathbb{R}^3\)) and Dirichlet problem (on a domain \(\Omega\)) are considered for the incompressible 3D Navier-Stokes equations. The Leray-Hopf solution \(v\) verifies an energy inequality. An open problem exists: could the upper limit of this inequality be reached? The authors recall the important cases when we have equality: some additional regularity properties are required. In [\textit{Y. Wang} and \textit{Y. Ye}, ``Energy conservation via a combination of velocity and its gradient in the Navier-Stokes system'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:2106.01233}] such a result is obtained when the flow domain is periodic -- the usual thorus \(T^3\). For this, some results given in [\textit{P. Constantin} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 165, No. 1, 207--209 (1994; Zbl 0818.35085)] were used. In the present paper, the result from arXiv is extended from periodic domain to both the Dirichlet and Cauchy problem. A very interesting and accurate analysis is performed, concerning the required regularity properties in Besov and Lorentz spaces, necessary for \(v\) and \(\nabla v\). The point is to use an approximation sequence and the Littlewood-Paley theory. With lightly modifications, the proof can be used also for a fluid with shear dependent viscosity, described in eq. (1.11). A comparison with the Ladyzhenskaja-Prodi-Serrin regularity criteria is also given.