Residue currents and cycles of complexes of vector bundles (Q2145184)

By using residue currents, the Lelong-Poincaré formula for a holomorphic function \(f\) on a complex manifold \(X\) can be factorized in \[ \tfrac{1}{2\pi i}\bar\partial \tfrac1f \wedge df = [f=0] \] where the RHS is the integration current along the (unreduced) zero set of \(f\). The main objective of the present article is to give a similar formula for cycles of coherent sheaves and bounded complexes of vector bundles. The cycle of a coherent sheaf \(\mathcal{F}\) on \(X\) is given by \([\mathcal{F}]=\sum_{i}m_i[Z_i]\) where \(Z_i\) are the irreducible components of \(\operatorname{supp} \mathcal{F}\) and \(m_i\) are their geometric multiplicity in \(\mathcal{F}\). Let \((E,\varphi)\) be a generically exact complex \[ 0\longrightarrow E_N\overset{\varphi_N}{\longrightarrow} E_{N{-}1}\longrightarrow \cdots \longrightarrow E_{1}\overset{\varphi_1}{\longrightarrow} E_{0}\longrightarrow 0 \] of vector bundles on \(X\). Then, the authors define the cycle of \((E,\varphi)\) by \[ [E]:=\sum\big._\ell\,(-1)^\ell[\mathcal{H}_\ell(E)] \] where \(\mathcal{H}_\ell(E)\) is the \(\ell\)th homology group of \((E,\varphi)\). This definition is a natural extension of the notion of cycles to complexes. In particular, \([E]=[\mathcal{F}]\) if \((E,\varphi)\) is a locally free resolution of \(\mathcal{F}\). Using the residue current \(R\) with values in \(\operatorname{End} E\) as it is defined for generically exact complexes \((E,\varphi)\) by \textit{M. Andersson} and the second author in [Ann. Sci. Èc. Norm. Supér. (4) 40, No. 6, 985--1007 (2007; Zbl 1143.32003)], the first main result of the present work is as follows. Let \((E,\varphi)\) be a complex of vector bundles such that the \(E_\ell\) are equipped with hermitian metrics and for all \(\ell\), \(\mathcal{H}_\ell(E)\) vanish or \(\operatorname{supp}\mathcal{H}_\ell(E)\) are of pure codimension \(p>0\). Let \(D\) be a certain connection on \(\operatorname{End} E\) induced by arbitrary \((1,0)\)-connections on \(E_0,\dots, E_N\). Then, \[ \tfrac{1}{(2\pi i)^pp!}\sum\big._{\ell=0}^{N-p}\,(-1)^\ell\operatorname{tr} D\varphi_{\ell+1}\cdots D\varphi_{\ell+p}R_{\ell+p}^\ell = [E]. \] Thereby, \(R_{k}^\ell\) denotes the component of the residue current \(R\) which takes values in \(\mathrm{Hom}(E_\ell,E_{k})\). In general, \(R_{k}^\ell\) depends on the chosen hermitian metrics on \(E_k\) and \(E_k\). The first main result is proven by induction with the second main result as base case: In the setting above, if \((E,\varphi)\) is a locally free resolution of \(\mathcal{F}\) which is of pure codimension \(p\), then \[ \tfrac{1}{(2\pi i)^pp!}\operatorname{tr} D\varphi_1\cdots D\varphi_pR_p^0 = [\mathcal{F}]. \] The authors proved a similar result for structure sheaves \(\mathcal{F}=\mathcal{O}_Z\) of analytic \(Z\subset X\) in [Indiana Univ. Math. J. 67, No. 3, 1085--1114 (2018; Zbl 1402.32004)]. Although the techniques used to prove this result might be applied for general \(\mathcal{F}\), as well, the proof in the present work uses a simpler approach with filtrations of \(\mathcal{F}\).