Quantization on algebraic curves with Frobenius-projective structure (Q2145616)

There are two famous approaches to the deformation quantization of a manifold. The first one is Fedosov's quantization of a symplectic manifold [\textit{D. Ben-Zvi} and \textit{I. Biswas}, Lett. Math. Phys. 54, No. 1, 73--82 (2000; Zbl 0979.53094)] where was given a recursive construction of a star-product on a symplectic manifold \((M, \omega)\) by constructing flat connections on the Weyl bundle. The second one is Kontsevich's quantization of a general Poisson manifold [\textit{I. Biswas}, J. Math. Phys. 50, No. 7, 072101, 8 p. (2009; Zbl 1298.53095)], where he gave a proof of the existence of a star-product on any Poisson manifold by using his formality theorem. On the other hand, it has been shown that the theory of quantizations can be made to work in the algebraic geometry setting. Based on the Frobenius-projective structure introduced by \textit{Y. Hoshi} [Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 56, No. 2, 401--430 (2020; Zbl 1447.14004)] and the result of \textit{D. Ben-Zvi} and \textit{I. Biswas} [Lett. Math. Phys. 54, No. 1, 73--82 (2000; Zbl 0979.53094)] and of \textit{I. Biswas} [J. Math. Phys. 50, No. 7, 072101, 8 p. (2009; Zbl 1298.53095)], this paper studies the relationship between Fedosov-type deformation quantizations and Frobenius-projective structures defined on an algebraic curve in positive characteristic. For a smooth curve \(X\) and a theta characteristic \(\mathbb{L}:=\left(\mathcal{L}, \psi_{\mathcal{L}}\right)\) on \(X\), the morphism \[ \psi_{\mathcal{L}}^{\mathbb{A}}: \mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times} \rightarrow \mathbb{A}\left(\Omega_X\right)^{\times} \] over \(X\) between algebraic surfaces defined by \(\psi_{\mathcal{L}}^{\mathrm{A}}(v)=\psi_{\mathcal{L}}(v \otimes v)\), for each local section \(v \in \mathcal{L}\), is a Galois double covering whose Galois group is isomorphic to \(\mu_2=\) \(\{\pm 1\}\). Denote a symplectic structure on \(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}\) by \[ \check{\omega}_{\mathbb{L}}:=\left(\psi_{\mathcal{L}}^{\mathbb{A}}\right)^*\left(\check{\omega}^{\text {can }}\right) \in \Gamma\left(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}, \bigwedge^2 \Omega_{\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}}\right), \] \(\mathfrak{P} \mathfrak{S}_X^{\mathrm{F}}\) the set of Frobenius-projective structures on \(X\) and \( \mathfrak{Q}_{\left(\mathbb{A}\left(\Omega_X\right)^{\times}, \check{\omega}^{\mathrm{can}}\right)}^{\mathrm{FC}}\) the set of Frobenius-constant quantizations on \(\left(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}, \check{\omega}_{\mathbb{L}}\right)\). The main results of the present paper are the following two theorems. \textbf{Theorem 4.1} There exists a canonical construction of a \(\mu_2\)-FC quantization on \(\left(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}, \check{\omega}_{\mathbb{L}}\right)\) by means of a Frobenius-projective structure (or equivalently, a dormant indigenous bundle, a dormant \(\left(\mathrm{SL}_2, \mathbb{L}\right)\)-oper, or a projective connection for \(\mathbb{L}\) having a full set of solutions) on \(X\). The resulting map of sets \[ \star_{X, \mathbb{L}}: \mathfrak{P} \mathfrak{S}_X^{\mathrm{F}} \rightarrow \mathfrak{Q}_{\left(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^\times, \check{\omega}_{\mathbb{L}}\right)}^{\mu_2\text{-}\mathrm{FC}} \] is injective and the composite injection \[ \star_X: \mathfrak{P} \mathfrak{S}_X^{\mathrm{F}} \hookrightarrow \mathfrak{Q}_{\left(\mathbb{A}\left(\Omega_X\right)^{\times}, \check{\omega}^{\mathrm{can}}\right)}^{\mathrm{FC}} \] of this map and the natural bijection \(\mathfrak{Q}_{\left(\mathbb{A}(\mathcal{L})^{\times}, \breve{\omega}_{\mathbb{L}}\right)}^{\mu_2 \text{-}\mathrm{FC}} \stackrel{\sim}{\rightarrow} \mathfrak{Q}_{\left(\mathbb{A}\left(\Omega_X\right)^{\times},\check{\omega}^{\text {can }}\right)}^{\mathrm{FC}}\), i.e., the inverse of (31), does not depend on the choice of the theta characteristic \(\mathbb{L}\). It may be thought of as a positive characteristic analogue of a result by \textit{D. Ben-Zvi} and \textit{I. Biswas} [Lett. Math. Phys. 54, No. 1, 73--82 (2000; Zbl 0979.53094)]. \textbf{Theorem 5.3} Let \(n\) be a positive integer and \(S\) a smooth variety of dimension \(2 n\). Then, by means of a Frobenius-Sp structure \(\mathcal{S}^{\heartsuit \diamond}\) on \(S\), we can construct canonically a theta characteristic \(\mathbb{L}:=\left(\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{S}}, \psi_{\mathcal{S}}\right)\) on \(S\), a symplectic structure \(\omega_{\mathcal{S}}\) on \(\mathbb{A}\left(\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{S}}\right)^{\times}\), and an \(F C\) quantization \(\mathcal{W}_{\mathcal{S}}\) on the resulting symplectic variety \(\left(\mathbb{A}\left(\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{S}}\right)^{\times}, \omega_{\mathcal{S}}\right) .\) This result generalizes a result of \textit{I. Biswas} [J. Math. Phys. 50, No. 7, 072101, 8 p. (2009; Zbl 1298.53095)] in the complex case to higher-dimensional varieties.