Zeta functions of the 3-dimensional almost-Bieberbach groups (Q2150896)

The subgroup zeta function \(\zeta_G^{\leqslant}(s)\) and the normal zeta function \(\zeta_G^{\lhd}(s)\) of a finitely generated group \(G\) were introduced by \textit{F. J. Grunewald} et al. [Invent. Math. 93, No. 1, 185--223 (1988; Zbl 0651.20040)]. They are defined by the Dirichlet series \[ \zeta_G^{\leqslant}(s)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_n^{\leqslant}(G)}{n^s}\text{ and }\zeta_G^{\lhd}(s)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_n^{\lhd}(G)}{n^s}, \] respectively, (here \(a_n^{\leqslant}(G)\) and \(a_n^{\lhd}(G)\) denote the number of subgroups and the number of normal subgroups of index \(n\), respectively). In this paper, the author studies and presents formulae for the local factors of partial zeta functions \(\zeta_G^{G,\leqslant}(s)\) and \(\zeta_G^{N,\lhd}(s)\), when \(p \nmid [G:N]\) for every virtually nilpotent group of Hirsch length 3. From here, the conclusion that subgroup and normal zeta functions of each these groups extend to meromorphic functions on the whole plane follows. Also, local functional equations are obtained. Also, a formula for the zeta functions of the torsion-free virtually nilpotent groups of Hirsch length 3 is presented. Note that such a group is either a 3-dimensional Bieberbach group or a 3-dimensional almost-Bieberbach group.