On Schwartz equivalence of quasidiscs and other planar domains (Q2152848)

The space \( \mathcal S(U) \) of Schwartz functions of an open set \(U\) of \( \mathbb R^n \) consists of all functions that are flat at the boundary and that, for \(x \to \infty \), decrease faster than \( \Vert x \Vert^{-n} \) for all \( n \). Two sets \( U \) and \( V \) are called Schwartz equivalent if their spaces of Schwartz functions are isomorphic as Fréchet spaces. A necessary condition for \( U \) and \( V \) to be Schwartz equivalent is the existence of a \(C^\infty\)-diffeomorphism between them. In the present paper, the authors show that this condition is not sufficient. There are bounded as well as unbounded counterexamples. This is in contrast to a result of \textit{A. Shaviv} [J. Funct. Anal. 278, No. 11, Article ID 108471, 38 p. (2020; Zbl 1450.46026)]. In the present paper, it is shown that two open sets \( U \) and \( V \) are Schwartz equivalent provided there is a \(C^\infty\)-diffeomorphism between them which is definable in a polynomially bounded \(o\)-minimal structure. The main subject of the paper is the construction of Schwartz equivalences using quasiconformal geometry. E.g., it is shown that any two quasidisks in the plane are Schwartz equivalent.