Countably generated flat modules are quite flat (Q2154975)

The ambient categories are those of commutative rings and modules over them. The two main topics in this paper are as follows: I) \textit{Quite flat \(R\) modules} \(F\) which are the direct summands of smooth union of modules of the type \(S^{-1}R\), for a countable multiplicative subset of \(R\) (here the quotients of consecutive links are of the same type), or, equivalently such that \(\mathrm{Ext}_R^1(F,C)=0\), for every almost cotorsion \(R\)-module \(C\). and II) \textit{CFQ rings} -- (non-Noetherian) rings over which all countably presented flat modules are quite flat. Some of the results are as follows: Theorem 2.4. Over a commutative Noetherian ring, every countably generated flat module is quite flat. It has been shown by the latter two authors that the same happens, if the spectrum of the ring is countable. Some generalizations are obtained when the usual Noetherian condition is replaced by the condition that the spectrum is smaller than a fixed regular uncountable cardinal. Proposition 4.1. A local ring of Krull dimension 0 is CFQ iff it is perfect. Theorem 4.7. An integral domain \(R\) is CFQ iff, for every nonzero \(s\in R\), the ring \(R/sR\) is CFQ. Corollary 4.12. A local integral domain of Krull dimension 1 is CFQ, iff it is an almost perfect domain. Theorem 4.14. All von Neumann regular commutative rings are CFQ. Theorem 4.18. A valuation domain s CFQ iff it is strongly discrete. The paper is peppered with a number of useful examples.