Covariant isotropy of Grothendieck toposes and extensive categories (Q2156420)

The author and his collaborators [\textit{P. Hofstra} et al., Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 341, 201--217 (2018; Zbl 07517273)] investigated the covariant isotropy group of the category \(\mathbb{T}\mathrm{mod}\) of models of a single-sorted algebraic theory \(\mathbb{T}\), showing that it encodes the usual notion of inner automorphism of \(\mathbb{T}\), provided that it has one. It is shown therein that the covariant isotropy group of \(M\in\mathbb{T} \mathrm{mod}\) is to be described in terms of the elements of \(M\left\langle \mathsf{x}\right\rangle\) (the \(\mathbb{T}\)-model obtained from \(M\)\ by freely adjoining an indeterminate element \(\mathsf{x}\)) that are \textit{substitutionally invertible} and \textit{commute genetically} with the operations of \(\mathbb{T}\). In the author's PhD thesis [Isotropy groups of quasi-equational theories. Ottawa: University of Ottawa (PhD thesis) (2020), \url{https://ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/41032/1/Parker_Jason_2020_thesis.pdf}] and its subsequent paper [\textit{P. Hofstra} et al., ``Polymorphic automorphisms and the Picard group'', LIPIcs -- Leibniz Int. Proc. Inform. 195, Article 26, 17 p. (2021; \url{doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2021.26}], the analysis was extended to the category of models of any finitary \textit{quasi-equational} or \textit{essentially algebraic} theory in the sense of [\textit{E. Palmgren} and \textit{S. J. Vickers}, Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 145, No. 3, 314--353 (2007; Zbl 1109.03022)]. This paper characterizes the covariant isotropy group of any \textit{Grothendieck topos}. A synopsis of the paper goes as follows. \begin{itemize} \item[\S 2] shows that any bounded [\textit{J. Adámek} and \textit{J. Rosický}, Locally presentable and accessible categories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1994; Zbl 0795.18007), Theorem 3.36] infinitary quasi-equational theory has an initial \textit{term model} as in [\textit{E. Palmgren} and \textit{S. J. Vickers}, Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 145, No. 3, 314--353 (2007; Zbl 1109.03022),Theorem 22]. \item[\S 3] shows that any Grothendieck topos \(\mathcal{E}\)\ is the category of models for a particular bounded infinitary quasi-equational theory. allowing of characterizing the covariant isotropy of \(\mathcal{E}\). \item[\S 4] shows that the main result of \S 3 actually extends, via a purely categorical argument, to any \textit{extensive} category. \end{itemize}