Multi-quadratic mappings with an involution (Q2159220)

Let \((G,+)\) be an abelian group, \(V\) be a vector space over \(\mathbb{Q}\), \(\sigma:G\to G\) be a fixed involution of \(G\) and \(I\) be the identity mapping on \(G\). A mapping \(f:G^n \to V\) is called \(n\)-multi-quadratic with the involution \(\sigma\) if \(f\) fulfills the quadratic equation \[ Q(x+y)+Q(x+\sigma(y))=2Q(x)+2Q(y) \] in each variable. This and several related equations were studied for \(Q:G\to \mathbb{C}\) by \textit{H. Stetkær} [Aequationes Math. 54, No. 1--2, 144--172 (1997; Zbl 0899.39007)]. It is shown that \(f:G^n \to V\) is multi-quadratic if and only if it satisfies the equation \[ \sum\limits_{\sigma_1,\dots,\sigma_n\in\{I,\sigma\}}\!\!\!\!\!f(x_{11}+\sigma_1(x_{21}),\dots, x_{1n}+\sigma_n(x_{2n}))=2^n\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\sum\limits_{j_1,\dots,j_n\in\{1,2\}}\!\!\!\!\!f(x_{j_1,1},\dots,x_{j_n,n}) \] for all \(x_1=(x_{11},\dots,x_{1n}),x_2=(x_{21},\dots,x_{2n})\in G^n\). The main result of the paper is about Hyers-Ulam stability of multi-quadratic mappings in normed spaces. Applications and examples of this stability theorem are also given in the setting of normed \(\star\)-algebras.