Proofs of Ibukiyama's conjectures on Siegel modular forms of half-integral weight and of degree 2 (Q2163417)

This paper proves Ibukiyama's conjectures, generalizing Kohnen's ``plus space'' isomorphism to vector-valued Siegel modular forms of half-integral weight and degree two. The proof applies recent results by \textit{J. Arthur} [The endoscopic classification of representations. Orthogonal and symplectic groups. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2013; Zbl 1310.22014)] and by \textit{W. T. Gan} and \textit{A. Ichino} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2021, No. 3, 1603--1677 (2021; Zbl 1477.11099)] on the multiplicity of irreducible representations in the decomposition of the automorphic discrete spectra of orthogonal and metaplectic representations. In addition, the author presents new results on the representation theory of Jacobi groups of higher degree which are essential to the argument. To state these results, we introduce some notation. Let \(\mathfrak{H}_2\) denote the Siegel upper half space of degree \(2\), and let \(V_j\) be the \(j\)th symmetric tensor representation of \(\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb{C})\). The isomorphisms proved in this paper are between spaces of \(V_j\)-valued functions on \(\mathfrak{H}_2\), vector valued Siegel cusp forms of integral weight, \(S_{k,j}(\mathrm{Sp}(4,\mathbb{Z}))\), and subspaces of vector valued Siegel cusp forms of half-integral weight, \(S_{k-\frac{1}{2},j}(\Gamma_0(4),\left(\frac{-1}{\cdot}\right)^l)\). Here, \(l\in\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\), \(\Gamma_0(4)=\{\gamma=\begin{pmatrix}A&B\\ C&D\end{pmatrix}\in\mathrm{Sp}(4,\mathbb{Z})\mid C\equiv 0\bmod 4\}\), and \(\left(\frac{-1}{\cdot}\right)\) is the character \(\left(\frac{-1}{\det D}\right)\) of \(\Gamma_0(4)\). If \(l=0\), the character is suppressed from the notation. Theorem 2.1 is a ``Shimura-type'' isomorphism between the ``plus'' space of the Neben type half-integral weight cusp forms and Siegel cusp forms that preserves Hecke eigenforms and \(L\)-functions. Namely, the map \[ \rho^N:S^+_{k-\frac{1}{2},j}(\Gamma_0(4),\left(\frac{-1}{\cdot}\right))\rightarrow S_{j+3,2k-6}(\mathrm{Sp}(4,\mathbb{Z})) \] is a linear isomorphism with the property that for a Hecke eigenform \(F\in S^+_{k-\frac{1}{2},j}(\Gamma_0(4),\left(\frac{-1}{\cdot}\right))\), we have \(L(s,F)=L(s,\rho^N(F),spin)\). Here, the \(+\) denotes the subspace of half-integral weight Siegel cusp forms whose Fourier coefficients \(A(T)\) vanish unless \(T\) satisfies a certain congruence condition. Ishimoto also proves an isomorphism between half-integral weight Siegel cusp forms of Haupt type and Siegel cusp forms. Theorem 2.3 states that the map \[ \rho^H: S^{+,0}_{k-\frac{1}{2},j}(\Gamma_0(4))\rightarrow S_{j+3,2k-6}(\mathrm{Sp}(4,\mathbb{Z})) \] is a linear isomorphism taking eigenforms to eigenforms with the property that for a Hecke eigenform \(F\in S^{+,0}_{k-\frac{1}{2},j}(\Gamma_0(4))\), \(L(s,F)=L(s,\rho^H(F),spin)\). The decoration ``0'' on the space of half-integral weight cusp forms denotes the orthogonal complement to the image of \(S_{2k-4}(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z}))\otimes S_{2k+2j-2}(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z}))\) via an injective lifting (Theorem 2.2) which follows from the Gan-Ichino multiplicity formula. Together these theorems give an isomorsphim (Corollary 2.4) between the Neben type half-integral weight vector valued Siegel cusp forms and those of Haupt type that are genuine, in the sense that they are in the complement of the lift from elliptic modular forms. As with the case of degree 1, the ``plus'' spaces under consideration correspond to Jacobi forms of index 1 by work of \textit{T. Ibukiyama} [Comment. Math. Univ. St. Pauli 63, No. 1--2, 79--103 (2014; Zbl 1355.11046)]. In order to prove the results stated above, the author extends the representation theory of the Jacobi group developed by \textit{R. Berndt} and \textit{R. Schmidt} [Elements of the representation theory of the Jacobi group. Reprint of the 1998 original. Basel: Birkhäuser (2012; Zbl 1235.11046)] to higher degree. This overcomes the difficulty that there is no notion of spherical representations of the metaplectic group \(\mathrm{Mp}(2n,F)\) when \(F\) is a finite extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_2\). Using Theorems 5.4 and 5.5, Ichino proves that the local representations generated by the adelic lifts of the Jacobi forms corresponding to half-integral weight modular forms are irreducible. The connection to integral weight Siegel modular forms is completed by applying the results of Arthur and Gan-Ichino.