Monomial ideals and the failure of the strong Lefschetz property (Q2164946)

Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic zero and let \(R = k[x_1,\dots,x_n]\). An artinian graded algebra \(R/I\) has the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP) if there is a linear form \(\ell\) such that the homomorphism induced by multiplication by \(\ell\) from any component to the next has maximal rank (i.e. is injective or surjective). The Strong Lefschetz Property (SLP) is the analogous property for multiplication by \(\ell^i\) for every positive integer \(i\). Stanley and (independently) J. Watanabe showed that when \(I\) is a monomial complete intersection then \(R/I\) has the SLP. When \(I\) is a more general monomial ideal this is no longer true, even for \(n+1\) minimal generators. The first author and Boij gave a sharp lower bound for the Hilbert function of an artinian quotient \(R/I\) that fails the WLP, when \(I\) is a monomial ideal generated in degree \(d\). Here the authors carry out a similar program for SLP. They also give similar results for more general ideals generated in degree \(d\). Finally they give a connection to a result of the reviewer and Zanello (resp. of Zanello and Zylinski) that classified Hilbert functions that force the WLP (resp. SLP).