Sequential warped product submanifolds having holomorphic, totally real and pointwise slant factors (Q2166158)

Let \(\tilde{M}\) be a Kähler Riemannian manifold with complex structure J, and let M be a Riemannian submanifold of \(\tilde{M}\). For \(p \in M\) and \(X \in T_{p}M\) let \(\theta(X,p)\) denote the angle between X and JX. The submanifold M is called a slant submanifold if \(\theta(X,p)\) is constant; i.e. independent of X and p. M is called a pointwise slant submanifold if \(\theta(X,p)\) depends only on p for all \(p \in M\). M is called a totally real submanifold if \(J(T_{p}M) \subset (T_{p}M)^{\perp}\) for all \(p \in M\).\par Let \(M_{i}\) be a Riemannian manifold with metric tensor \(g_{i}\) for \(i = 1,2,3\). Let \(f : M_{1} \rightarrow (0, \infty)\) and \(h : M_{1} \times M_{2} \rightarrow (0, \infty)\) be smooth functions. The triple product manifold \((M_{1} \times M_{2}) \times M_{3}\) with the Riemannian metric tensor \(g = (g_{1} \oplus f^{2} g_{2}) \oplus h^{2} g_{3}\) is called a sequential warped product, and it is denoted \(M_{1} \times_{f} M_{2} \times_{h} M_{3}\). In this paper the authors consider sequential warped product submanifolds \(M = M_{T} \times_{f} M_{\perp} \times_{h} M_{\theta}\) of a Kähler manifold \(\tilde{M}\), where \(M_{T}\) is a holomorphic submanifold, \(M_{\perp}\) is a totally real submanifold and \(M_{\theta}\) is a pointwise slant submanifold.\par Let M be a proper sequential warped product submanifold of \(\tilde{M}\) whose factors are holomorphic, totally real and pointwise slant. It is known that M could exist only in the following cases : \(M_{\theta} \times_{f} M_{\perp} \times_{h} M_{T}, M_{\perp} \times_{f} M_{\theta} \times_{h} M_{T}, M_{T} \times_{f} M_{\perp} \times_{h} M_{\theta}\). In this paper the authors show that the first two cases do not arise. In the remaining case, the authors prove the following sharp inequality. Theorem Let \(M = M_{T} \times_{f} M_{\perp} \times_{h} M_{\theta}\) be an \((m_{1} + m_{2} + m_{3})\) dimensional sequential warped product submanifold of an \(m_{1} + 2(m_{2} + m_{3})\) dimensional Kähler manifold \(\tilde{M}\). Then \(\vert h\vert ^{2} \geq 2(\vert \nabla ln f\vert ^{2} m_{2} + m_{3} (1 + cosec^{2} \theta) \vert \nabla^{T} ln h\vert ^{2})\), where \(\nabla^{T} ln h\) is the gradient of \(ln f\) on \(M_{T}\).\par If equality holds, then \(M_{T}\) is totally geodesic in \(\tilde{M}\), \(M_{\theta}\) and \(M_{\perp}\) are totally umbilic in \(\tilde{M}\) and M is minimal in \(\tilde{M}\).\par \textit{H. B. Lawson jun.} and \textit{J. Simons} [Ann. Math. (2) 98, 427--450 (1973; Zbl 0283.53049)] proved that there exist no integral currents in a submanifold X of \(S^{n}\) that satisfies a certain pinching condition on the second fundamental form of X. In this paper the authors prove a similar pinching inequality for the second fundamental form of a sequential warped product submanifold \(M = M_{T} \times_{f} M_{\perp} \times_{h} M_{\theta} \) of a complex space form \(\tilde{M}\). Here M and \(\tilde{M}\) have the same dimensions as in the result stated above. The authors also show that if equality holds, then f and h are constant on \(M_{T}\).