Birational geometry for the covering of a nilpotent orbit closure (Q2167569)

For a complex classical simple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) and a nilpotent orbit \(O\) of \(\mathfrak{g}\), the fundamental group \(\pi_1(O)\) is finite. Taking the universal covering \(\pi^0: X^0 \to O\), \(\pi^0\) extends to a finite cover \(\pi: X \to \bar{O}\), where \(\bar{O}\) is the closure of \(O\) in \(\mathfrak{g}\). By using the Kirillov-Kostant form \(\omega_{KK}\) on \(O\), the normal affine variety \(X\) becomes a conical symplectic variety. Let \(\omega := (\pi^0)^*\omega_{KK}\), a \(G\)-invariant symplectic \(2\)-form on \(X^0\). The author studies the birational geometry for the resolutions of \((X, \omega)\). A crepant projective resolution \(f: Y \to X\) of \(X\) is a projective birational morphism \(f\) from a nonsingular variety \(Y\) to \(X\) such that \(K_Y = f^*K_X\). In general, \(X\) does not have a crepant projective resolution. However, \(X\) always has a nice crepant projective partial resolution \(f: Y \to X\) known as \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial terminalization. A \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial terminalization \(f\) is a projective birational morphism from a normal variety \(Y\) to \(X\) such that \(Y\) has only \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial terminal singularities and \(K_Y = f^*K_X\). The author provides an explicit construction of a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial terminalization of \(X\) when \(O\) is a nilpotent orbit of a classical simple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) and \(X^0\) is the universal covering of \(O\). That is, let \(Q \subset G\) be a parabolic subgroup of \(G\) and let \(Q = U L\) be a Levi decomposition of \(Q\) by the unipotent radical \(U\) and a Levi subgroup \(L\). Its Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{q} = \text{Lie}(Q) = \mathfrak{n} \oplus \mathfrak{l}\) decomposes as a direct sum of \(\mathfrak{n} := \text{Lie}(U)\) and \(\mathfrak{l} := \text{Lie}(L)\). Let \(O'\) be a nilpotent orbit of \(\mathfrak{l}\). Then there is a unique nilpotent orbit \(O\) of \(\mathfrak{g}\) such that \(O\) meets \(\mathfrak{n} + O'\) in a Zariski open subset of \(\mathfrak{n} + O'\). In such a case, \(O\) is induced from \(O'\) and write \(O = \mathrm{Ind}^{\mathfrak g}_{\mathfrak l}(O')\). There is a generically finite map \(\mu: G\times^Q (\mathfrak{n}+ \bar{O}') \rightarrow \bar{O}\), where \([g,z] \mapsto \text{Ad}_g(z)\), which the author calls a generalized Springer map. Let \((X')^0 \to O'\) be an etale covering and let \(X' \to \bar{O}'\) be the associated finite cover. Then the author considers the space \(\mathfrak{n} + X'\) which is a product of an affine space \(\mathfrak{n}\) and the affine variety \(X'\). There is a finite cover \(\mathfrak{n} + X' \to \mathfrak{n} + \bar{O}'\). If the \(Q\)-action on \(\mathfrak{n} + \bar{O}'\) lifts to a Q-action on \(\mathfrak{n} + X'\), then one can make \(G \times^Q(\mathfrak{n} + X')\) and get a certain commutative diagram involving the Stein factorization. For an arbitrary nilpotent orbit \(O\) of a classical Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\), the author gives an explicit algorithm for finding \(Q\), \(O'\) and \(X'\) such that \(O = \mathrm{Ind}^{\mathfrak g}_{\mathfrak l}(O')\), \(X'\) has only \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial terminal singularities, and the Q-action on \(\mathfrak{n} + \bar{O}'\) lifts to a Q-action on \(\mathfrak{n} + X'\) and the finite covering \(Z \to \bar{O}\) in the commutative diagram coincides with the finite covering \(\pi: X \to \bar{O}\) associated with the universal covering \(X^0\) of \(O\).