Opinion dynamics involving contrarian and independence behaviors based on the Sznajd model with two-two and three-one agent interactions (Q2167970)

This paper studies the opinion dynamics of the Sznajd model using both behaviors of contrarian and independence. Four-spin local interactions are defined on a complete graph. The key parameter is the magnetization \(m=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{i=1}^NS_i\), which is the average opinion in social dynamics. Here, \(N\) is the total population and \(S_i\) represents the spin which takes \(1\) or \(-1\). The model is divided into two-two scenario and three-one scenario for developing the microscopic rules of the outflow dynamics with contrarian and independent characters. For the independence behavior, the flexibility parameter is adopted as the level of independence. For the contrarian behavior, a contrarian factor is used to describe the level of contrarian character. The phase transition, probability density function, and the Landau approach for the phase transition have been explored analytically and numerically.