Dolbeault harmonic (1,1)-forms on 4-dimensional compact quotients of Lie groups with a left invariant almost Hermitian structure (Q2169862)

Let \(G\) be a \(4\)-dimensional Lie group and let \(\Gamma\) be a discrete subgroup of \(G\) such that \(M=\Gamma/G\) is a compact quotient. Assume that \(G\) admits a left invariant almost Hermitian structure \((J,\omega)\). The main result of this paper is related to the dimension of the space of Dolbeault harmonic \((1,1)\)-forms on \((M,J,\omega)\), \(h^{1,1}_{\bar \partial}(M,J,\omega)\). Precisely, denoted by \(b^-\) the real dimension of harmonic anti-self dual \(2\)-forms on \(M\), the author proves that \(h^{1,1}_{\bar \partial}(M,J,\omega)=b^- +1\) if and only if there exists a left invariant anti-self dual \((1,1)\)-form \(\gamma \in A^{1,1}(G,J)\) such that \(id^c\gamma=d\omega\); otherwise \(h^{1,1}_{\bar \partial}(M,J,\omega)=b^-.\) Moreover the author studies \(h^{1,1}_{\bar \partial}\) on explicit examples of \(4-\)dimensional compact quotients of a Lie group by a discrete subgroup. He checks the existence of almost Kaehler metrics on such manifolds and gives a negative answer to a question posed by \textit{W. Zhang} in his paper [``Almost complex Hodge theory'', Riv. Mat. Univ. Parma 13 No. 2, 481--504 (2022)].