Non-linear additive twists of \(\operatorname{GL}(3) \times \operatorname{GL}(2)\) and \(\operatorname{GL}(3)\) Maass forms (Q2172591)

Let \(a(n)\) be a sequence from an arithmetical object such as a multiplicative character or a Maass form. It is a well-known and rewarding subconvexity problem to find a non-trivial bound for the sum \[ \sum_{X \le n \le 2X} a(n)e(\alpha n^\beta), \] where \(e(x) = e^{2\pi ix}\), for \(X > 1\) and some given real numbers \(\alpha, \beta\). In this paper, the authors establish a nontrivial bound for \(a(n) = \lambda_\pi(r, n)\) in a smoothed version of the sum above, where \(\lambda_\pi(r, n)\) comes from the Fourier-Whittaker coefficients of a Maass form \(\pi\) for \(\operatorname{SL}(3, \mathbb{Z})\). Let \(V\) be a smooth function that is compactly supported on \([1, 2]\), and \(V^{(j)}(x) \ll_j x^{\varepsilon j}\) for some \(\varepsilon > 0\). The authors show that for any real \(\alpha\), \(1/3 < \beta < 7/9\) and integer \(r \ge 1\), then \[ S_r(X) := \sum_{n = 1}^\infty \lambda_{\pi}(r, n)e(\alpha n^\beta) V\left(\frac{n}{X}\right) \le_{\pi, \varepsilon} \alpha \sqrt{\beta}r^{7/6}X^{3/4+9\beta/28}. \] Note that the trivial bound for \(S_r(X)\) is \(X^{1 + \varepsilon}\), so the result is non-trivial for \(1/3 < \beta < 7/9\). The authors follow closely the method of \textit{R. Munshi} [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 24, No. 5, 1543--1566 (2022; Zbl 1494.11048)]. With a similar procedure, they also achieve a non-trivial bound for the Rankin-Selberg convolution \(\pi \times f\), where \(f\) is a \(\operatorname{GL}(2)\) holomorphic/Maass cusp form for \(\operatorname{SL}(2, \mathbb{Z})\). More precisely, if \(\lambda_f(n)\) are the Fourier coefficients of \(f\), then for any \(1/3 < \beta < 11/29\), \(\alpha > 1/\beta\) and integer \(r \ge 1\), \[ \sum_{n=1}^\infty \lambda_\pi(r, n)\lambda_f(n) e(\alpha n^\beta) V\left(\frac{n}{X}\right) \ll_{\pi, \alpha, \varepsilon} (\alpha \beta)^{3/2}rX^{3/4+29\beta/44+\varepsilon}. \] This sum is non-trivially bounded by \textit{Y. Lin} and \textit{Q. Sun} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2021, No. 19, 15143--15208 (2021; Zbl 1483.11086)] for \(5/16 \le \beta \le 1/3\).