End point results of generalized setvalued almost contractions in metric spaces endowed with a graph (Q2174773)

Let \(\Theta\) be the class of all functions \(\theta:\mathbb{R}_+^4\to \mathbb{R}_+\) such that i) \(\theta\) is continuous increasing in each variable, ii) \(\psi(t):=\theta(t,t,t,t)< t\) for all \(t> 0\), iii) \(\sum_{n=1}^\infty \psi^n(t)< \infty\), for \(t\ge 0\). Then, let \((X,d,G)\) be a metric space endowed with a directed graph, \(T:X\to B(X)\) be a multivalued map, and \(\theta\in \Theta\). We say that \(U:X\times X\to \mathbb{R}_+^4\) is of type (A) if \[ U(x,y)=(d(x,y),U_1(x,y),U_2(x,y),U_3(x,y)),\tag{A} \] where (for \(x,y\in X\)) \[ U_1(x,y)=D(y,Ty)[1+D(x,Tx)]/[1+d(x,y)], \] \[ U_2(x,y)=D(y,Tx)[1+D(x,Ty)]/[1+d(x,y)], \] \[ U_3(x,y)=d(x,y)[1+D(x,Tx)+D(y,Tx)]/[1+d(x,y)]. \] Likewise, we say that \(V:X\times X\to \mathbb{R}_+^4\) is of type (B) if \[ V(x,y)=(d(x,y),V_1(x,y),V_2(x,y),V_3(x,y)),\tag{B} \] where (for \(x,y\in X\)) \[ V_1(x,y)=D(x,Tx)[1+D(y,Ty)]/[1+d(x,y)], \] \[ V_2(x,y)=D(x,Ty)[1+D(y,Tx)]/[1+d(x,y)], \] \[ V_3(x,y)=d(x,y)[1+D(y,Ty)+D(x,Ty)]/[1+d(x,y)]. \] Further, define (for \(x,y\in X\)) \[ N(x,y)=\min\{D(x,Tx),D(y,Ty),D(x,Ty),D(y,Tx)\}. \] We say that \(T\) is a generalized almost contraction of type (A) if there exists \(L\ge 0\) and \(\theta\in \Theta\) such that (1) \(\delta(Tx,Ty)\le \theta(U(x,y))+LN(x,y)\), for all \(x,y\in X\), \((x,y)\in E(G)\), with \(U(.,.)\) being of type (A) and \(N(.,.)\) taken as above. Similarly, we say that \(T\) is a generalized almost contraction of type (B) if there exists \(L\ge 0\) and \(\theta\in \Theta\) such that (2) \(\delta(Tx,Ty)\le \theta(V(x,y))+LN(x,y)\), for all \(x,y\in X\), \((x,y)\in E(G)\), with \(V(.,.)\) being of type (B) and \(N(.,.)\) taken as above. In the present paper, sufficient conditions are given so as a generalized contraction \(T\) of type (A) or (B) to have an endpoint \(z\) (in the sense: \(Tz=\{z\}\)). Further aspects occasioned by these developments are also being discussed.