On the Hadamard product of degenerate subvarieties (Q2178382)

The paper studies Hadamard product between subvarieties \(X, Y \) of projective space, denoted \(X \star Y\), defined as the closure of the image of the rational map \[X \times Y - \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^n;\quad ([a_0 : \dots:a_n],[b_0 : \dots: b_n]) \rightarrow [a_0b_0 : a_1b_1 : \dots : a_nb_n]\] As declared by the authors, the study of this product is still at a developing stage, but it is attracting quite a lot of attention and applications have been shown, for example, to Algebraic Statistics. Results were known mainly for Hadamard product of linear spaces, about its dimension and degree. Here the authors generalize these results to the case of Hadamard products of degenarate subarieties of generic linear spaces in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) for large \(n\). Namely, let \(H_{1},\dots,H_{\ell}\) be \(\ell\) generic subspaces of \(\mathbb{P}^n\) , with \(h_j= \dim H_j\) and let \(X_j\subset H_j\) be (irreducible, smooth) subvarieties such that \(<X_j>= H_j\). If \(n\geq N = (h_1+1)\dots(h_\ell +1) - 1\), we can view the Segre embedding of \(\mathbb{P}^{h_1}\times \dots \times \mathbb{P}^{h_\ell}\) into \(\mathbb{P}^n \) by considering \(\mathbb{P}^N\subset \mathbb{P}^n\) as the subspace given by \([a_0:\dots:a_N:0:\dots:0]\). Thus it is possible to compare the Hadamard product \(X_1\star\dots \star X_\ell\) with the usual product \(X_1\times \dots \times X_\ell\) given by the Segre embedding. In the paper it is proved that, in this setting, \(X_1\star\dots\star X_\ell\) and \(X_1\times\dots\times X_\ell\) are projectively equivalent, thus showing that \(\dim X_1\star \dots \star X_\ell = \sum_{j=1}^\ell \dim X_j\) and finding the degree and the Hilbert function of \(X_1\star \dots\star X_\ell\), which are in accord with previous conjectures on Hadamard products. The authors also show that \(X_1\star\dots\star X_\ell\) is smooth and give analogous results for generically parameterized varieties. They and also show, via examples, that if the \(H_j\)'s are not generic, the variety \(X_1\star\dots\star X_\ell\) need not to be smooth (even if the \( X_j\)'s are) and its Hilbert function can differ from the usual product's one.