Irreducible polynomials of bounded height (Q2178452)

The authors prove the following theorem. Theorem. Let \(L\) be a positive integer divisible by at least four distinct primes. Let \[ f = X^n + \sum_{i=0}^{n-1}\zeta_i X^{i} \] be a polynomial, where \(\zeta_0,\zeta_1,\dotsc, \zeta_{n-1}\) are independent and identically distributed random variables taking values uniformly in \(\{1,2,\dotsc,L\}\). Then \[ \lim_{n\to\infty} \mathbb{P}(f \text{ is irreducible}) =1. \] Apparently this is the first analogue of the corresponding result in the so called \textit{large box model}. The smallest \(L\) that satisfies the condition of the theorem is \(L=2\cdot 3\cdot 5\cdot 7=210\). Moreover, under the same conditions as in the theorem authors show that the Galois group of \(f\) is either \(S_n\) or \(A_n\). As the authors indicate, the irreducibility of \(f\) is the part that requires four primes. More precisely, they prove that for any \(f\) as in Theorem 1 and any \(L\geq 2\) (without the restriction that \(L\) be divisible by four primes) the probability that the Galois group of \(f\) is transitive and different from \(A_n\) and \(S_n\) tends to 0 as \(n\to\infty\).