Integral inequalities for compact hypersurfaces with constant scalar curvature in the Euclidean sphere (Q2178613)

In [Math. Ann. 225, 195--204 (1977; Zbl 0349.53041)], \textit{S.-Y. Cheng} and \textit{S.-T. Yau} introduced a new operator \(L\) as below: \[L(u)=\mathrm{Tr} (P\circ\mathrm{hess}\hspace{0.05in}u)=\operatorname{div} (P(\nabla u))\] where \(P\) is the first Newton transformation of the second fundamental tensor of the immersion. They proved that if the ambient space is the Euclidean sphere \(\mathbb S^{n+1}\), then using this operator \(L\), the only compact hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb S^{n+1}\) with constant normalized scalar curvature \(R\geq 1\) and non-negative sectional curvature are either totally umbilical hypersurfaces or isometric to a standard product of spheres \(\mathbb S^{m}(\sqrt{1-r^2})\times \mathbb S^{n-m}(\sqrt{r})\subset \mathbb S^{n+1} \), with \(1\leq m \leq n-1\) and \(0 < r <1\). One of the applications of this operator \(L\) was estabilished by \textit{H. Li} [Math. Ann. 305, No. 4, 665--672 (1996; Zbl 0864.53040)] and it extended the result of \textit{H. Alencar} and \textit{M. P. do Carmo} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 120, No. 4, 1223--1229 (1994; Zbl 0802.53017)]. Furthermore, as a consequence of this work of Li, the authors could estabilish two cases for compact oriented hypersurfaces \(\sum\) in \(\mathbb S^{n+1}\), \(n\geq 3\) with constant normalized scalar curvature \(R\geq 1\). It is either (a) \(\sum\) is totally umbilical hypersurface or (b) \(\max_{\sum}|\Phi|^2 \geq \alpha_{R} > 0\), where \(\Phi\) is the totally umbilicity tensor. Also, they provided an integral version of this result.