On associative operations on commutative integral domains (Q2182464)

Let \(R\) be an integral domain (which is also commutative with identity) and \(p:R^n\to R\) be an \(n\)-ary operation, where \(n\geq 3\). In this paper, the authors focus on the case when \(p\) is associative. They prove that a multilinear \(p\) is assiciative if and only if it has one of the following forms: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] \(p\) is a constant function. \item[2.] \(p\) is the projection on to the first or last component. \item[3.] \(p=c+\sum_{i=1}^nx_i\), with \(c\in R\). \item[4.] \(p=\sum_{i=1}^n\omega^{i-1}x_i,\) with \(\omega^{n-1}=1\). \item[5.] \(p=-b+a\prod_{i=1}^n(x_i+b)\), where \(a\in R\) is non-zero and \(b\) is an element of the field of fraction of \(R\) such that \(ab^k\in R\) for all \(1\leq k\leq n-1\) and \(ab^n-b\in R\). \end{itemize}