Non-Koszulness of operads and positivity of Poincaré series (Q2184566)

Let \(n \geq 2\). The operad of mock partially associative \(n\)-ary algebras is generated by an element \(\mu\) of arity \(n\) and of homological degree \(0\), with the relation \[ \sum_{i=1}^n \mu\circ_i \mu=0. \] These operads were introduced and studied by the two last authors in a series of articles, where they proved that these operads are not Koszul if \(n\leq 7\). They conjecture that they are not Koszul for any \(n\). This conjecture is proved here, using combinatorial methods. It is also proved that these operads give a counterexample to the converse of the positivity criterion of non Koszulness: for this, the inverse of the Poincaré series of the Koszul dual of such an operad is proved to have no negative coefficients, with the help of the Zeilberger algorithm for hypergeometric summation.