Necessary conditions for the residual nilpotency of certain group theory constructions (Q2186310)

A group \(X\) locally satisfies a nontrivial identity whenever each finitely generated subgroup of \(X\) satisfies some nontrivial identity that is not necessarily the same for all subgroups. Let \(\mathcal{G}\) be a graph of groups such that each vertex group locally satisfies a nontrivial identity and each edge subgroup is properly included into the corresponding vertex groups and its index in at least one of them exceeds \(2\). In this paper, the author proves that if the fundamental group \(F\) of \(\mathcal{G}\) is locally residually nilpotent, then there exists a prime number \(p\) such that each edge subgroup is \(p\)-isolated in the corresponding vertex group. He also proves that if \(F\) is the free product of an arbitrary family of groups with one amalgamated subgroup or a multiple \(\mathsf{HNN}\)-extension, then the same result holds without restrictions on the indices of edge subgroups.