Blow-up of the radially symmetric solutions for the quadratic nonlinear Schrödinger system without mass-resonance (Q2188526)

In this paper, the authors study the quadratic nonlinear Schrödinger system \[ \begin{cases} i \partial_{t} u + \Delta u = v \bar{u}, \quad \text{ on } I \times \mathbb{R}^{d},\\ i \partial_{t} v + \kappa \Delta v = u^{2}, \quad \text{ on } I \times \mathbb{R}^{d},\\ (u(0),v(0)) = (u_{0},v_{0}) \in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{d})\times H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{d}), \end{cases} \] where \(\kappa >0\) and \(d = 4,5,6\). The system has the mass and the energy conservation laws: \[ M(u(t),v(t)) = M(u_{0},v_{0}) = \|u\|_{L^{2}}^{2} + \|v\|_{L^{2}}^{2}, \] and \[ E(u(t),v(t)) = E(u_{0},v_{0})=\|\nabla u\|^{2}_{L^{2}}+ \frac{\kappa}{2}\|\nabla v\|_{L^{2}}^{2} + \Re \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \bar{v}u^{2}\,\mathrm{d}x. \] The authors are interested in the blow-up phenomena of the system without mass-resonance, i.e., \(\kappa \neq \frac{1}{2}\). One can illustrate the effect of \(\kappa\) from the virial identity \begin{multline*} \frac{d^{2}}{dt^{2}} \Bigl( \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} |x|^{2}|u(t,x)|^{2} \,\mathrm{d}x + \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \frac{1}{2\kappa } |x|^{2} |v(t,x)|^{2} \,\mathrm{d}x \Bigr) \\ = 8 K (u(t),v(t)) + \Bigl( 2 - \frac{1}{\kappa} \Bigr) \frac{d}{dt}\Im \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}}|x|^{2}v(t,x)\overline{u(t,x)}^{2}\,\mathrm{d}x, \end{multline*} where \[ K = K_{d}(u,v):= \|\nabla u\|^{2}_{L^{2}} + \frac{\kappa}{2}\|\nabla v\|_{L^{2}}^{2} + \frac{d}{4}\Re \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \bar{v}u^{2} \,\mathrm{d}x. \] If \(\kappa = \frac{1}{2}\), the virial identity is the same as the scalar NLS and the similar arguments for blow-up theory of the scalar NLS can be applied to this system. To overcome the difficulty of the extra term for \(\kappa \neq \frac{1}{2}\), roughly speaking, the strategy is to drop it. Indeed, by defining \[ V(t) := \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \chi(x)|u(t,x)|^{2}\,\mathrm{d}x + \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}}\frac{1}{2\kappa}\chi(x) |v(t,x)|^{2} \,\mathrm{d}x, \] where \(\chi:\mathbb{R}^{d} \to \overline{R^{+}}\) is a smooth function, one has the \textit{localized virial identity}: \begin{align*} V'(t)& = 2 \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \nabla \chi(x) \cdot \Im [\bar{u} \nabla u + \frac{1}{2} \bar{v}\nabla v ](x) \,\mathrm{d}x + \Bigl( 2 - \frac{1}{\kappa} \Bigr) \int_{\mathbb{R}^{d}} \chi (x) \Im [v u^{2}](x)\,\mathrm{d}x \\ &=: J(t) + I(t). \end{align*} Instead of considering \(V, V'\) and \(V''\) in the study of the scalar NLS, the authors ensure the solution blowing up in finite time or growing up by investigating \(J\) and \(J'\). By carefully modifying the proofs in [\textit{D. Du} et al., Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 36, No. 7, 3639--3650 (2016; Zbl 1333.35250); \textit{M. Hamano}, ``Global dynamics below the ground state for the quadratic Schödinger system in \(5 d\)'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1805.12245}], they show the following results: assume that \((u_{0},v_{0})\in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{d})\times H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{d})\) is radially symmetric, let \((\phi, \psi)\) be the ground state solution for \(d = 4,5\) and be the static solution for \(d=6\): \begin{enumerate} \item if \(d = 4\) and \(E(u_{0},v_{0}) < 0\), then the solution blows up or grows up in both time directions. \item if \(d = 5\), \(E(u_{0},v_{0}) M(u_{0},v_{0}) < E(\phi,\psi)M(\phi,\psi)\) and \(K(u_{0},v_{0})<0\), then the solution blows up in both time directions. \item if \(d = 6\), \(E(u_{0},v_{0}) < E(\phi,\psi)\) and \(K(u_{0},v_{0})<0\), then the solution blows up in both time directions. \end{enumerate} It should be point out that their proofs are also valid for \(\kappa = \frac{1}{2}\).