Intrinsic Diophantine approximation in Carnot groups and in the Siegel model of the Heisenberg group (Q2189431)

One can begin with the authors' abstract: ``We study an intrinsic notion of Diophantine approximation on a rational Carnot group \(G\). If \(G\) has Hausdorff dimension \(Q\), we show that its Diophantine exponent is equal to \((Q+1)/Q\), generalizing the case \(G = \mathbb R^n\). We furthermore obtain a precise asymptotic on the count of rational approximations. We then focus on the case of the Heisenberg group \(\mathbf H^n\), distinguishing between two notions of Diophantine approximation by rational points in \(\mathbf H^n\): Carnot Diophantine approximation and Siegel Diophantine approximation. We provide a direct proof that the Siegel Diophantine exponent of \(\mathbf H^1\) is equal to 1, confirming the general result of Hersonsky-Paulin, and then provide a link between Siegel Diophantine approximation, Heisenberg continued fractions, and geodesics in the Picard modular surface. We conclude by showing that Carnot and Siegel approximation are qualitatively different: Siegel-badly approximable points are Schmidt winning in any complete Ahlfors regular subset of \(\mathbf H^n\), while the set of Carnot-badly approximable points does not have this property.'' In this paper, brief surveys and/or explanations of relationships between known and the present results are devoted to the following topics: -- Diophantine approximation in Carnot groups. -- Diophantine approximation in the Siegel model. -- Alternate notions of Diophantine approximation. Questions on the set of badly approximable points in spaces \(X\), beyond the usual identification of its Hausdorff dimension, are given. To prove the main results, auxiliary notions and statements are given and considered. Let us note that some notions in complex hyperbolic geometry, known facts about Schmidt games and Ahlfors regular spaces, are considered. Proofs of the main and auxiliary results are explained.