Poisson cohomology of broken Lefschetz fibrations (Q2192754)

The work is devoted to studying Poisson cohomology, restricting them to formal coefficients for the cochain complex of multivector fields. The authors determine the formal Poisson cohomology of a Poisson structure associated to objects such as broken Lefschetz fibrations, which originated as a generalization of Lefschetz pencils and, in recent years, have found diverse applications in low-dimensional topology, symplectic geometry, and singularity theory. Having determined the formal Poisson cohomology of a Poisson structure associated to the broken Lefschetz fibration, the authors use the Poisson cohomology around Lefschetz singularities, in particular apply it with amendments related to the Poisson structure around Lefschetz points. In particular, they demonstrate that compact formulas for the coboundary operator are available if there exist both a specific Clifford rotation \(D\) of \(\mathbb{R}^{4}\), fixing the singularity, and an endomorphism \(K\) of \(so(4)\), that has a natural relation to \(D\) and is directly related to Jacobian Poisson structures. The find that compact formulas are considerably different from those obtained before in the work by \textit{S. R. T. Pelap} [J. Algebra 322, No. 4, 1151--1169 (2009; Zbl 1173.53332)], and cannot be extracted without \(D\) and \(K\). Having identified these \(D\) and \(K\), the authors make use of a natural restriction to the Poisson cohomology of Lefschetz singularities. Due to unimodularity of Jacobian Poisson structures, these cohomology spaces eventually have the same rank as the Poisson homology spaces of the Sklyanin algebra, whose generators are calculated explicitly in Propositions 5.2--5.11. The computation shows that in terms of cohomology, the singular circles can be viewed essentially as point singularities of a 3-manifold. In particular, the proof of Proposition 6.1 shown that one can decompose the coboundary operator in a way that isolates a point singularity in a 3-manifold and then adds an extra dimension in both the manifold and the singularity to get the fold singularity (circle) of a broken Lefschetz fibration. Having restricted the Poisson structure on this 3-manifold, the authors get a Poisson structure determined by a weight homogeneous polynomial with isolated singularity. As a corollary, the authors state that the computation of Poisson cohomology for fold singularities can be thought of as an example of transferring the original results of \textit{A. Pichereau} [J. Algebra 299, No. 2, 747--777 (2006; Zbl 1113.17009)] to dimension 4. The main result of the paper is stated in Theorem 1.1. Let \(f:M\rightarrow \mathbb{S}^{2}\) be a broken Lefschetz fibration on an oriented, smooth, closed 4-manifold \(M\). Denote by \(\pi \in \mathfrak{X}^{2}(M)\) the associated Poisson structure vanishing on a finite collection of disjoint circles \(\Gamma \) \(=\{\gamma_{1},\dots ,\gamma _{m}\}\) and a finite collection of points \(C=\{p_{1},\dots ,p_{r}\}.\) The formal Poisson cohomology of \((M,\pi )\) on the tubular neighbourhood \(U_{\Gamma }\) is determined by some free Cas-modules (defined exactly in the work).