Sums of \(S\)-units in the solution sets of generalized Pell equations (Q2193023)

Let \(S=\{p_1,\ldots,p_{\ell}\}\) be a finite set of primes, consider the set of \(S\)-units, that is the set of rational numbers that can be written as a power product of these primes. Some authors studied the representability of terms of linear recurrences as sums of \(S\)-units, see e.g. [\textit{S. G. Sanchez} and \textit{F. Luca}, Ann. Math. Qué. 38, No. 2, 169--188 (2014; Zbl 1361.11007)]. Also, the representability of coordinates of Pell equations in certain special forms were investigated, see e.g. [\textit{M. Ddamulira} and \textit{F. Luca}, J. Number Theory 207, 156--195 (2020; Zbl 1447.11025)]. Let \(t\ne 0,d>1\) be integers, \(d\) square free. Continuing the series of the above mentioned results, the authors consider the representability of \(x\) and \(y\) coordinates of the solutions of the Pell equation \(x^2-dy^2=t\) as a sum of \(S\) units. Denote by \(X\) and \(Y\) the sets of solutions of \(x^2-dy^2=t\) in \(x \in\mathbb Z\) and \(y \in\mathbb Z\), respectively. The authors give effective bounds for the number of \(k\)-tuples \((z_1,\ldots,z_k)\) of \(S\)-units such that \[ z_1+\ldots z_k\in X\cup Y \] and the above sum has no vanishing subsums. They also give upper bounds for the heights of the solutions in the special case \(k=1\). In the proof they use effective results on \(S\)-unit equations in several variables.