Category of mixed plectic Hodge structures (Q2194551)

A major result of the paper is Theorem 4.19 expressing the equivalence of the 3 categories \(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g), OF_{\mathbb{C}}^g\), and \(MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g\), [\textit{J. Nekovář} and \textit{A. J. Scholl}, Contemp. Math. 664, 321--337 (2016; Zbl 1402.11092); ``Plectic Hodge theory. I'', (to appear)] defined also in the text [Proposition 2.14, Defs. 3.8 and 4.1 -- see also 3.7 and 5.4], where \(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}\) is the Tannakian fundamental group of \(MHS_{\mathbb{C}}\) with respect to the fiber functor \(w:MHS_{\mathbb{C}} \to Vect_{\mathbb{C}}\). These categories are; finite dimensional \(\mathbb{C}\)-representations of the \(g\)-fold product \(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}} \times \mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}} \times \dots \times \mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}\), \(g\)-orthogonal family of \(MHS_{\mathbb{C}}\) and mixed \(g\)-plectic \(\mathbb{C}\)-MHS, respectively. The exponent \(g\) maybe thought roughly as a kind of \(g\)-fold generalization and these categories. The definitions reduce to the practically well known categories in case of \(g=1\), [\textit{P. Deligne}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 40, 5--57 (1971; Zbl 0219.14007); Prog. Math. 87, 111--195 (1990; Zbl 0727.14010); Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 55, 509--514 (1994; Zbl 0824.14005); \textit{P. Deligne} et al., Hodge cycles, motives, and Shimura varieties. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag. 101--228 (1982; Zbl 0465.00010)]. The base of this generalization for the case of \(MHS_{\mathbb{C}}\) can be seen from the relation \[ F_I^{\underline{p}}Gr_n^WV_{\mathbb{C}}=\bigoplus_{\underline{r} \geq \underline{p}}(F_I^{\underline{r}} \cap \overline{F}_I^{\underline{s}})Gr_n^W V_{\mathbb{C}} \] [Equation (34) in Definition 4.5, see also Definition 4.1 in the pure case] where \(I \subset \{1,\dots, g\}\) and the filtrations \(W_{\bullet}, F_I^{\bullet}, \overline{F}_I^{\bullet}\) are defined in (26, 27) called plectic filtrations and are such that \(V_I=(V_{\mathbb{C}},W_{\bullet}, F_I^{\bullet}, \overline{F}_I^{\bullet})\) are MHS. Identity (1) should be compared with the Deligne-Hodge decomposition of a MHS, \(V_{\mathbb{C}}=\bigoplus A^{p,q}\) where \(A^{p,q}=(F^p \cap \overline{F}^q)Gr_n^W V_{\mathbb{C}}\), [\textit{P. Deligne}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 40, 5--57 (1971; Zbl 0219.14007); Prog. Math. 87, 111--195 (1990; Zbl 0727.14010)]. It is called \(g\)-plectic Deligne splitting. The category \(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g)\) may also be defined in an inductive way using the formation of bigraded objects of an abelian category \(A\), denoted by \(BG(A)\). Proposition 3.5 predicts that \(BG(A)=MHS(A)\). In this regard one obtains [Corollary 3.6] \[ Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g)=MHS(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^{g-1}))=\dots =MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g \] For the case of \(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}})\) by Proposition 2.12 an object in this category is given as \(U=(U_{\mathbb{C}}, \{U^{p,q}\},t)\) such that \[ (t-1)U^{p,q} \subset \bigoplus_{r <p, s<q} U^{r,s} \] where \(t\) is an automorphism of \(U_{\mathbb{C}}\). The morphisms are required to be compatible with the bigrading and commute with \(t\). It is known that \(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}})=MHS_{\mathbb{C}}\). A similar generalization [see Proposition 2.14] objects in \(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g\) correspond to \(U=(U_{\mathbb{C}}, \{U^{\underline{p},\underline{q}}\},\{t_{\mu}\})\) such that \[ (t_{\mu}-1)U^{\underline{p},\underline{q}} \subset \bigoplus_{\stackrel{(r_{\nu},s_{\nu})=(p_{\nu},q_{\nu}) , \ \ \nu \ne \mu} {(r_{\mu},s_{\mu})<(p_{\mu},q_{\mu})}} U^{\underline{r},\underline{s}} \] The \(\mathbb{C}\)-linear automorphisms \(t_{\mu}:U_{\mathbb{C}} \to U_{\mathbb{C}}\) commute with each other. The morphisms compatible with the \(2g\)-bigradings and commute with \(t_{\mu}, \mu=1,2,\dots,g\). For the category \(OF_{\mathbb{C}}\) this generalization may be considered as those objects in a category \(Fil_g^g(\mathbb{C})\) of \(V=(V_{\mathbb{C}},W_{\bullet}^{\mu}, F_{\mu}^{\bullet}, \overline{F}_{\mu}^{\bullet}), \mu=1,..,g\) such that for any \(\mu\), the quadruple \((V_{\mathbb{C}},W_{\bullet}^{\mu} , F_{\mu}^{\bullet}, \overline{F}_{\mu}^{\bullet})\) is a mixed \(\mathbb{C}\)-Hodge structure, and for any \(\mu\) and \(\nu \ne \mu\), the \(\mathbb{C}\)-linear subspaces \(W_n^{\mu} V_{\mathbb{C}}, F_{\mu}^m V_{\mathbb{C}}, \overline{F}_{\mu}^m V_{\mathbb{C}}\) with the weight and Hodge filtrations induced from \(W_{\bullet}^{\nu}, F_{\nu}^{\bullet}, \overline{F}_{\nu}^{\bullet}\) are mixed \(\mathbb{C}\)-Hodge structures. The morphisms are \(\mathbb{C}\)-linear maps compatible on all the filtrations [see Definition 3.8]. Theorem 3.10 shows that \(OF_{\mathbb{C}}^g=MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g\) where combining with the former result gives \(Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g)=OF_{\mathbb{C}}^g\), [\textit{J. Nekovář} and \textit{A. J. Scholl}, Contemp. Math. 664, 321--337 (2016; Zbl 1402.11092); \textit{J. Nekovář} and \textit{A. J. Scholl}, ``Plectic Hodge theory. I'', (to appear); \textit{P. Deligne} et al., Hodge cycles, motives, and Shimura varieties. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag. 101--228 (1982; Zbl 0465.00010)]. Combining the results of Sections 3 and 4 proves \[ Rep_{\mathbb{C}}(\mathcal{G}_{\mathbb{C}}^g) \rightleftharpoons OF_{\mathbb{C}}^g\rightleftharpoons MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g \] where the specific functors between these categories are explained along the way [see Proposition 4.17, Definition 4.18, Theorem 4.19]. As a corollary \(MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g\) is a neutral Tannakian category over \(\mathbb{C}\) with respect to the fiber functor \(w_{\mathbb{C}}^g: MHS_{\mathbb{C}}^g \to Vect_{\mathbb{C}}\). The aforementioned equivalences exists also for the category of \(\mathbb{R}\)-MHS in a similar way, called \(g\)-plectic \(\mathbb{R}\)-MHS. The main ingrediant here is the Lemma 5.5 and the conjugate filtrations are defined via the involution \(\sigma:V_{\mathbb{C}} \to V_{\mathbb{C}}\). The equivalences are denoted by \[ \widetilde{Rep_{\mathbb{R}}(\mathcal{G}^g)} \rightleftharpoons \widetilde{OF_{\mathbb{R}}^g}\rightleftharpoons \widetilde{MHS_{\mathbb{R}}^g} \] with similar functors compatible with \(\sigma\) [Theorem 5.7]. In fact the compatibility of the above generalization with the involution \(\sigma\) shows interesting in the article, see also [\textit{P. Deligne}, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 55, 509--514 (1994; Zbl 0824.14005); \textit{J. Nekovář} and \textit{A. J. Scholl}, ``Plectic Hodge theory. I'', (to appear); \textit{J. Nekovář} and \textit{A. J. Scholl}, ``Plectic Hodge theory. I'', (to appear); \textit{C. A. M. Peters} and \textit{J. H. M. Steenbrink}, Mixed Hodge structures. Berlin: Springer (2008; Zbl 1138.14002)].