Mixed Tate motives and the unit equation. II (Q2195234)

Let \(X=\mathbb{P}^1\setminus\{0,1,\infty\}\) be the hyperbolic curve and let \(Z\) be an open subscheme of \(\operatorname{Spec}(\mathcal{O}_K)\) where \(K\) is a number field. In this paper the author constructs an algorithm which, if it halts, gives the set \(X(Z)\) of integral \(Z\)-points of \(X\); if \(Z\) is totally real, then this algorithm halts if we assume a number of conjectures to be true (see 2.2.5, 2.2.7, 2.2.11 and 2.2.13). The algorithm follows the Chabauty-Kim approach: if \(\mathfrak{p}\in Z\) is a totally split prime, then the polylogarithmic Chabauty-Kim loci \(X(\mathcal{O}_\mathfrak{p})_n\subset X(\mathcal{O}_\mathfrak{p})\) (see 2.1.3) form a nested sequence \[ X(\mathcal{O}_\mathfrak{p})\supset X(\mathcal{O}_\mathfrak{p})_1\supset X(\mathcal{O}_\mathfrak{p})_2\supset\cdots\supset X(Z) \] which conjecturally can be used to recover \(X(Z)\) (see 2.1.4). Classical \(p\)-adic unipotent iterated integrals can be interpreted as realization via the period map of analogues in the category of mixed Tate motives over \(Z\) [\textit{P. Deligne} and \textit{A. B. Goncharov}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 38, No. 1, 1--56 (2005; Zbl 1084.14024)], and the crucial part of the algorithm is to understand how the change of coordinates of the free prounipotent motivic Galois group \(U(Z)\) behaves under the period map. More precisely, the algorithm provides an open \(Z^o\subset Z\), a basis of the affine ring of \(U(Z^o)\), and a family of elements lying in the \(\mathbb{Q}\)-algebra generated by the basis and the classical unipotent polylogarithms [\textit{F. Brown}, Forum Math. Sigma 2, Paper No. e25, 37 p. (2014; Zbl 1377.11099)], such that there exists a family generating the ideal defining the polylogarithmic Chabauty-Kim loci which approximate this family up to a given precision. For Part I, see [the author and \textit{S. Wewers}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2016, No. 17, 5291--5354 (2016; Zbl 1404.11093)].