On uniqueness and nonuniqueness for internal potential reconstruction in quantum fields from one measurement (Q2195920)

In this paper the authors study an inverse problem for the Schrödinger equation \[ \bigg(-\frac{\hbar}{2m}\Delta+U(x)\bigg)\psi=E\psi\quad\text{in}\quad\Omega\subset{\mathbb{R}}^2 \tag{1} \] with Dirichlet boundary condition \[ \psi=f\quad\text{on}\quad\partial\Omega. \tag{2} \] The inverse problem considered in this paper is the following: Let \(E>0\) be fixed and \(U|_{\Omega\setminus\Omega_0}\) be a priori given, then one wants to recover \(U|_{\Omega_0}\) from the Neumann data \(\frac{\partial \psi}{\partial\nu}|_{\partial\Omega}\), where \(\Omega_0\subset\Omega\) and \(\phi\) is a solution of (1), (2). In this paper, the potential \(U(x)\) is assumed to be piecewise constant (a core-shell structure) and \(\Omega\) is the unit disk. Since \(U(x)\) is known near the boundary \(\partial\Omega\), the constant of \(U\) in shell is known. For the uniqueness result, they show that if the radius \(r\) of the core is given, then the constant of \(U\) in core is uniquely determined by \(\frac{\partial\psi}{\partial r}|_{r=1}\). On the other hand, if both the radius and the constant of \(U\) in core are unknown, then the uniqueness fails. Some numerical results are also presented in the paper.