The algebraic structure of left semi-trusses (Q2196344)

The study of a particular class of solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, namely the non-degenerate involutive set-theoretical solutions, was initiated by \textit{P. Etingof} et al. [Duke Math. J. 100, No. 2, 169--209 (1999; Zbl 0969.81030)] and \textit{T. Gateva-Ivanova} and \textit{M. Van den Bergh} [J. Algebra 206, No. 1, 97--112 (1998; Zbl 0944.20049)]. This led to the definition and study of the algebraic structure called a (right) brace by \textit{W. Rump} [J. Algebra 307, No. 1, 153--170 (2007; Zbl 1115.16022)]. It was shown that this gives an algebraic way to describe all involutive, non-degenerate set-theoretic solutions. Subsequently many related algebraic structures were defined and studied, for example a skew left brace, skew left truss, left semi-truss and almost left semi-brace. Here the authors determine connections between some of these these structures and investigate their algebraic properties. In particular, they restrict themselves to the subclass of brace-like left semi-trusses, which includes all (skew) left braces, left semi-braces and almost left semi-braces.