Ahlfors-regular curves and Carleson measures (Q2197834)

The authors study the relation between the Ahlfors-regular boundary of a simply connected domain \(\Omega\) and the Carleson measure properties under a conformal mapping from the unit disk \(\Delta=\{z\in\mathbb C:|z|<1\}\) onto \(\Omega\). Denote \(D(z,r)=\{\zeta\in\mathbb C:|\zeta-z|<r\}\). A positive measure \(\mu\) on a simply connected domain \(\Omega\) is a Carleson measure if \[\|\mu\|_*=\sup\left\{\frac{\mu(\Omega\cap D(z,r))}{r}:z\in\partial\Omega,0<r<\text{diam}(\partial\Omega)\right\}<\infty.\] Denote by \(CM(\Omega)\) the set of all Carleson measures. For a conformal mapping \(\varphi:\Delta\to\Omega\) and \(\mu\in CM(\Omega)\), define the pull-back of \(\mu\) by \(\varphi^*(\mu)=|\varphi'(z)|^{-1}d\mu(\varphi(z))\). Similarly, for a Carleson measure \(\nu\) on \(\Delta\), define the push-forward of \(\nu\) by \((\varphi^{-1})^*(\nu)=|(\varphi^{-1})'(\zeta)|^{-1}d\nu(\varphi^{-1}(\zeta))\). A locally rectifiable curve \(\Gamma\subset\mathbb C\) is Ahlfors-regular if there is \(C>0\) such that, for all \(z\in\mathbb C\) and \(r>0\), \(\Lambda^1(D(z,r)\cap\Gamma)\leq Cr\), where \(\Lambda^1\) stands for the one-dimensional Hausdorff measure. The authors prove the following theorem. Theorem 1.3. Let \(\varphi\) be a conformal mapping from \(\Delta\) onto a simply connected domain \(\Omega\). Then \(\partial\Omega\) is Ahlfors-regular if and only if the push-forward operator \((\varphi^{-1})^*\) is well defined from \(CM(\Delta)\) to \(CM(\Omega)\). As an application, the authors characterize chord-arc curves in terms of quasiconformal reflection. A chord-arc curve is the image of \(\mathbb S=\partial\Delta\) under a bi-Lipschitz homeomorphism \(\rho\) of \(\mathbb C\). Let \(\Gamma\) be a Jordan curve bounding \(\Omega\) and \(\Omega^*\). A sense-reserving quasiconformal mapping \(f\) of \(\mathbb C\) which maps \(\Omega\) onto \(\Omega^*\) is a quasiconformal reflection in \(\Gamma\) if \(f\) keeps every point of \(\Gamma\) fixed. The next theorem is proved. Theorem 3.2. Let \(\Gamma\) be a quasicircle. Then the following two statements are equivalent: (1) \(\Gamma\) admits a quasiconformal reflection \(f\) whose dilatation \(\mu\) satisfies that \(|\mu(w)|^2\text{dist}(w,\Gamma)^{-1}dudv\) is a Carleson measure with a small norm. (2) \(\Gamma\) is a chord-arc curve with small constant. Also, the authors give a similar characterization for asymptotically smooth curves.