The equivariant Ehrhart theory of the permutahedron (Q2199885)

In [\textit{A. Stapledon}, Adv. Math. 226, No. 4, 3622--3654 (2011; zbl 1218.52014)] Stapledon introduced \textit{equivariant Ehrhart theory}, a variant of Ehrhart theory that takes group actions into account. For a lattice polytope \(P\) whose vertices lie in the lattice \(M\) and a group \(G\) acting on \(M\), one can define the \textit{equivariant \(H^*\)-series} \(H^*[z]\) which can be written as \(\sum_{i\geq 0} H_i^*z^i\) for appropriate virtual characters \(H_i^*\). Stapledon asks whether or not this series is effective, i.e, whether all the \(H_i^*\) are characters of representations of \(G\), and proposes the \textit{effectiveness conjecture} which states that the effectiveness of the equivariant \(H^*\)-series is equivalent to two other properties, namely \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] the toric variety of \(P\) admits a \(G\)-invariant non-degenerate hypersurface, \item[(ii)] the equivariant \(H^*\)-series is a polynomial. \end{itemize} It is already known that (i) is a sufficient and (ii) is a necessary condition. The present paper proves the effectiveness conjecture and three minor conjectures in the case of permutahedra under the action of the symmetric group.