Logarithmic Kodaira dimension and zeros of holomorphic log-one-forms (Q2200773)

In [\textit{M. Popa} and \textit{C. Schnell}, Ann. Math. (2) 179, No. 3, 1109--1120 (2014; Zbl 1297.14011)] it is proved that the zero-locus of every global holomorphic one form on a smooth complex projective variety of general type is always non-empty. Afterwards, the author of the article under review proposed the following {Conjecture:} For any projective log-smooth pair \((X, D)\) of log-general type, there exists no non-vanishing global holomorphic log-one-form. This article obtains a positive answer to the conjecture after proving the following general result. {Theorem A:} Let \((X,D)\) be a projective log-smooth pair and let \[W \subset H^0(X,\Omega^1_X(\log \, D))\] be a linear subspace that consists of global holomorphic log-one-forms with empty zero-locus. Then the dimension of \(W\) can be at most \(\dim X -\kappa(X , D)\), where \(\kappa\) stands for the logarithmic Kodaira dimension. Most of the proofs involve notations and some results about quasi-abelian varieties in the sense of Iitaka. See for instance [\textit{S. Iitaka}, J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I A 23, 525--544 (1976; Zbl 0342.14017)]. Let \(T^{r,d}\) be a quasi -abelian variety given by an extension of a d-dimensional abelian variety \(A^d\) by a torus \(\mathbb{G}^r_m\). In particular, \(T^{r,d}\) is a principal \(\mathbb{G}^r_m\)-bundle over \(A^d\). It is possible to construct a specific \(\mathbb{P}^r\)-bundle over \(A^d\) that determines a natural compactification of \(T^{r,d}\), and which also carries the \(T^{r,d}\) action on it. Let \(P^{r,d}\) denote this canonical compactification. Additionally, denote the simple normal crossing boundary divisor by \(L\) and the natural projection by \(p:P^{r,d}\rightarrow A^d\). The main result of the article is {Theorem B:} Let \((X ,D)\) be a projective log-smooth pair and \((P^{r,d},L)\) as above. Given a morphism of log pairs \(f:(X,D) \rightarrow (P^{r,d}, L)\), if there is a positive integer \(k\) and an ample line bundle \(\mathcal{A}\) on \(A^d\), such that \[ H^0\left (X, (\omega_X(D))^{\otimes k} \otimes f^{\ast}\left (p^{\ast}\mathcal{A}^{-1}\otimes _{P^{r,d}}(-L) \right ) \right ) \ne 0, \] then \(\mathrm{Zeros}(f^*\theta)\ne \emptyset\) for any \(\theta \in H^0(P^{r,d},\Omega^1_{P^{r,d}}(\log\,L))\). Furthermore, for generic such \(\theta\), we have \(\mathrm{Zeros}(f^*\theta)\cap (X\backslash f^{-1}(L))\ne \emptyset\). In section 2, the author shows that Theorem B implies the following {Theorem C:} Given a morphism of log-smooth pairs \(f :(X ,D) \rightarrow (P^{r ,d}, L)\), there exists a linear subspace \(W \subset H^0(P^{r,d},\Omega^1_{P^{r,d}}(\log \, L))\) of codimension \(dim X- \kappa(X,D)\) such that \(\mathrm{Zeros}(f^*\theta)\ne \emptyset\) for any \(\theta \in W\). A toroidal log-resolution \(\lambda: (X',D')\rightarrow (X,D)\) is a log-resolution of a log-smooth pair \((X ,D)\), which only allows blowing up ideal sheaves that are locally generated by monomials of functions defining the components of the boundary divisor. This construction ensures that the pull-back of a logarithmic one-form by \(\lambda\) does not introduce new zero-locus. Then, the desired Theorem A follows from Theorem C by the following argument described by the author. Write \(U = X \backslash D\) and consider the canonical quasi-albanese map \(a_U:U\rightarrow T^{r,d}\). As consequence of Lemma 6 of the article, up to a toroidal log-resolution of \((X,D)\), there exists \(f:(X,D)\rightarrow (P^{r,d},L)\) identifying \[ H^0 \left (X,\Omega^1_X(\log\,D) \right ) \simeq H^0 \left (P^{r,d},\Omega^1_{P^{r,d}}(\log\,L) \right ). \] Consequently, the result easily follows from Theorem C. Despite its technical nature, the article is clear and well organized. In addition, some applications of Theorem A are described. These are generalizations of the main results of [\textit{E. Viehweg} and \textit{K. Zuo}, J. Algebr. Geom. 10, No. 4, 781--799 (2001; Zbl 1079.14503)]. In particular, we highlight {Corollary:} Let \((X ,D)\) be a projective log-smooth pair of log-general type. Assume that we have a surjective projective morphism \(f:X\backslash D \rightarrow T^{r,d}\), where \(T^{r,d}\) is a quasi-abelian variety. Then, \(f\) is not smooth.