New cw-expansive homeomorphisms of surfaces (Q2202779)

This paper is devoted to monotone extensions of cw-expansive homeomorphisms of a compact metric space. A homeomorphism \(f: M \rightarrow M\) of a metric space \(M\) is said to be continuum-wise expansive (cw-expansive) if there is a \(\xi > 0\) such that if \(C \subseteq M\) is a continuum and diam(\(f^n (C) ) \leq \xi\) for all integers \(n\), then \(C\) is a singleton. (A set \(C\) is called a continuum here if it is compact and connected.) The authors describe the classes of expansivity that have been considered in the past, and indicate where in the hierarchy cw-expansive homeomorphisms fit. They note that cw-homeomorphisms (together with h-expansive homeomorphisms) have the most general properties. Anosov diffeomorphisms, pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms, and expansive homeomorphisms are all cw-expansive. Much of this paper focuses on half cw-expansive mappings. A homeomorphism \(f : M \rightarrow M\) is half-expansive if there is a \( \xi > 0\) such that every \(\xi\)-stable continuum \(C\) is \(\xi/2\)-stable. A subset \(C \subseteq M\) is called \(\xi\)-stable if the diam(\(f^n (C)) \leq \xi\) for all integers \(n\). A result is that the set of half-expansive homeomorphisms of a compact metric space is open in the \(C^0\)-topology. Moreover, for every cw-expansive homeomorphism \(f\) with constant \(\xi\) there is a \(C^0\)-neighborhood \(\mathcal U\) of \(f\) such that every \(g \in \mathcal U\) is half-expansive with constant \(\xi\). The authors note that neither expansive nor cw-expansive homeomorphisms are themselves open in the \(C^0\)-topology, A related result on a closed surface \(M\) of a Riemannian manifold says that there is an \(\epsilon_0 > 0\) such that if \(f: M \rightarrow M\) is a half-expansive homeomorphism with half-expansivity constant \(\xi \leq \epsilon_0\), then the quotient space \(\tilde{M}\) is homeomorphic to \(M\). The quotient space \(\tilde{M} = M / \sim \) where \(x \sim y\) if dist(\(f^n(x)\), \(f^n(y)) \leq \xi\) for all integers \(n\). The authors also prove that there are cw-expansive homeomorphisms on tori that have infinitely many fixed points and an empty wandering set.