Generalized quotient topologies and hereditary classes (Q2204094)

The paper deals with generalised topologies which are collections of sets including the empty set that are closed under arbitrary union. An idea to generalise this more is to consider a hereditary class of sets, that is, a class which contains with every set also all subsets and which is not empty. Such classes of sets play a role similar to the closed nowhere dense sets or closed null set investigated in some branches of topology and measure theory. Here the generalised closure of a set $A$ with respect to a topology $G$ on a base set $X$ is the set of all points $p \in X$ such that every open $M \in G$ containing $p$ also intersects $A$. Now a generalised topological space $(X,G,H)$ where $G$ is the collection of open sets and $H$ is a nonempty subset-closed class (hereditary class from now on) defines that the closure of a set $A$ is the set of all points $p \in X$ such that no open $M \in G$ containing $p$ satisfies $(M \cap A) \in H$. For such generalised topological spaces, further notions of closures are examined and they are put into relation with the generalised topology and the hereditary classes constructed. The authors investigate in particular the role of mappings between two spaces $X$ and $Y$ where $X$ is given with a generalised topology while $Y$ carries the one induced from the mapping which is required to be injective. The difference between Sections 3 and 4 is that in Section 3 the authors place the hereditary class on the domain of the mapping while in Section 4 they place it on the codomain of the mapping; in both sections they obtain a quite comprehensive number of results. The authors summarise their results as follows in their abstract of the paper: ``We introduce a definition of $\pi$ being injective with respect to a generalised topology and a hereditary class where $\pi$ is a generalised quotient map between generalised topological spaces. This definition is mainly a sufficient condition to show several relations about a generalised topology and its induced generalised quotient topology when either is extended by a hereditary class or it can be regarded as an extension of a generalised topology via a hereditary class.''