Solitons, breathers and rogue waves of the coupled Hirota system with \(4\times 4\) Lax pair (Q2207733)

The work aims to develop a solution method for an integrable system of two Hirota equations, which include the cubic nonlinearity with the first spatial derivative and third-order dispersion. A general solution technique is developed, based in the Lax pair for the integrable system. The Lax pair is represented in the form of matrices of size \(4\times 4\). The consideration of the Lax pair makes it possible to introduce the Darboux transformation for the system. Using these techniques, the work produces several species of exact solutions, such as single- and double-peak bright solitons and, on the other hand, rogue waves, which are supported by a nonzero flat background. In particular, the rogue waves of breather and rational types are found. Also considered are two-component solutions of the bright-dark types, with zero and nonzero backgrounds in the two components. The modulational instability of the flat background, on top of which the rogue waves are constructed, is considered too.