Periodic solutions of discontinuous Duffing equations (Q2211114)

The author considers a scalar differential equation of the type \[ x''+g(x)=e(t), \] where \(e:{\mathbb R}\to {\mathbb R}\) is continuous and \(T\)-periodic, and \(g:{\mathbb R}\to {\mathbb R}\) has a discontinuity at the origin, with \(\lim_{x\to0^\pm}g(x)\in {\mathbb R}\) but different. Assuming some growth condition on \(g\) and an oscillatory behaviour of the time-map, he proves the existence of infinitely-many \(T\)-periodic solutions. The proof makes use of a generalized version of the Poincaré-Birkhoff theorem.