Homoclinic breather and rogue wave solutions to Maccari equation (Q2212304)

The (2+1)-dimensional Maccari nonlinear system is given by \begin{align*} \mathrm{i}u_t+u_{xx}+u v & =0\\ v_t + v_y + (|u|^2)_x & =0, \end{align*} where \(u=u(x,y,t)\) and \(v=v(x,y,t)\) are, respectively, complex- and real-valued functions of the temporal variable \(t\) and the spatial variables \(x\) and \(y\). This system is used to describe the motion of isolated waves (localized in small regions of space) in many fields including hydrodynamics, plasma physics, and nonlinear optics. In this paper, the authors propose a new extended homoclinic test, combined with a breather period limit method, for seeking homoclinic breather and rogue wave solutions of the above Maccari system. Two new families of homoclinic breather wave and rational homoclinic solutions (homoclinic rogue waves) are obtained. Dynamical features of homoclinic breather and rogue wave solutions are investigated and it is shown that both types of waves can exist in such a nonlinear system.