Uniform decay estimates for solutions of a class of retarded integral inequalities (Q2214677)

This interesting paper deals with some uniform estimates for solutions of an integral inequality of the form \[y(t)\leq E(t,\tau)\|y_{\tau}\|+\int_0^tK_1(t,s)\|y_s\|ds+\int_t^{+\infty}K_2(t,s)\|y_s\|ds+\rho, \quad t\geq\tau\geq 0,\tag{\(\ast\)}\] where \(E, K_1, K_2\) are nonnegative measurable functions defined on \(\mathbb{R}^2\) and \(\rho\geq 0.\) The authors consider nonnegative solutions, namely, functions \(y\) satisfying \((^*)\), where \(y_t\) is defined by \(y_t(s):=y(t+s), s\in[-r,0], \quad t\geq 0,\) and it belongs to the Banach space \(C([-r,0])\) endowed with the sup-norm \(\|\cdot\|.\) The main theorem of the paper states as follows: Let \(\vartheta\) be an upper bound of \(E(t,s)\) and \(\kappa\) an upper bound of the quantity \(\int_0^tK_1(t,s)ds+\int_t^{+\infty}K_2(t,s)ds.\) If \(\kappa<1,\) then for any \(R, \varepsilon>0\), there is \(T>0\) such that \(\|y_t\|<\mu\rho+\varepsilon,\) \(t>T,\) for any bounded function \(y\) satisfying \((^*)\) with \(\|y_0\|\leq R\) and \(\mu=1/(1-\kappa).\) Also, if \(\kappa<1/(1+\vartheta),\) then there are \(M, \lambda>0\) such that \(\|y_t\|\leq M\|y_0\|e^{-\lambda t}+\gamma\rho\), \(t\geq 0,\) for any bounded solution \(y\), where \(\gamma+(\mu+1)/(1-\kappa c)\) and \(c=\max\{\vartheta/(1-\kappa),1\}.\) The particular case \(K_2=0\) is discussed independently. Three applications of the general results are presented. First application is given on a scalar functional differential equation of the form \[\dot{x}=-a(t)x+B(t,x_t),\] for which conditions are provided for the asymptotic stability of the solutions. Second application is given on the system \[\dot{x}=F_0(t,x)+\sum_{i=1}^mF_i(t,x(t-r_i)),\quad x(t)\in\mathbb{R}^n\] and the third application is given on a general one parameter equation of the form \[\frac{du}{dt}+Au=F(\theta_tp,u_t),\] defined in a Banach space, where \(\theta\) is a dynamical system on a compact metric space \(\mathcal{H},\) which is minimal with respect to \(\theta\). For this equation it is shown that it has bounded complete solutions and if \(\Gamma(\theta_tp)\) is an equilibrium solution, conditions are given so that if \(u(t;p,\phi)\) is a bounded solution, the quantity \(u(t)- \Gamma(\theta_tp)\) converges to zero, as \(t\to+\infty.\) Several specific applications are given in the paper.