Spin-boson type models analyzed using symmetries (Q2216703)

This paper is devoted to the investigation of a family of models for a qubit interacting with a bosonic field. The authors consider state space \(\mathbb{C}^2 \otimes\mathcal{F}_b(\mathcal{H})\), where Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) is the state space of a single boson and \(\mathcal{F}_b(\mathcal{H})\) is the corresponding bosonic Fock space; the state space of the qubit is \(\mathbb{C}^2\). In the paper under review the following Hamiltonian is investigated \[H_\eta(\alpha,f,\omega)= \eta\sigma_z\otimes 1 + 1\otimes d\Gamma(\omega)+\sum\limits_{i=1}^{2n} \alpha_i \left(\sigma_x\otimes \phi (f_i)\right)^i .\] This operator is parameterized by \(\alpha\in\mathbb{C}^{2n}, f\in\mathcal{H}^{2n}, \eta\in\mathbb{C}\), \(\sigma_x, \sigma_y, \sigma_z\) denote the Pauli matrices, \(\omega\) is self-adjoint on \(\mathcal{H}\) and \(d\Gamma(\omega)\) is the second quantization of \(\omega\). It is assumed that this Hamiltonian has a special symmetry, called \textit{spin-parity symmetry}. The spin-parity symmetry allows to find the domain of self-adjointness and decompose the Hamiltonian into two fiber operators each defined on Fock space. The authors prove the Hunziker-van Winter-Zhislin (HVZ) theorem for the fiber operators. The HVZ theorem for the fiber operators also gives an HVZ theorem for the full Hamiltonian. It is proved that if ground states exist for the full Hamiltonian, then the bottom of the spectrum is a nondegenerate eigenvalue. Using this result, the authors single out a particular fiber, which has a ground state if and only if the full Hamiltonian has a ground state. Ground states for the other fiber operator must therefore correspond to excited states. A criterion for the existence of an excited state is also obtained.