Adiabatic invariants for the FPUT and Toda chain in the thermodynamic limit (Q2216762)

The authors consider the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (FPUT) chain with \(N\) particles. The Hamiltonian is \[ H_{F}(\mathbf{p}, \mathbf{q})=\sum_{j=0}^{N-1} \frac{p_{j}^{2}}{2}+\sum_{j=0}^{N-1} V_{F}\left(q_{j+1}-q_{j}\right),\] where \[V_{F}(x)=\frac{x^{2}}{2}-\frac{x^{3}}{6}+b \frac{x^{4}}{24}, \] and the the boundary conditions are periodic: \(q_{N}=q_{0}, p_{N}=p_{0}\) and \(b>0\). Depending on the values of \(b\) in the Hamiltonian, a Toda chain is either an approximation of the FPUT chain of third order (for \(b\ne 1\)), or fourth order (for \(b = 1\)). It is remarked that the Toda chain is the only nonlinear integrable FPUT-like chain. The authors prove that a family of first integrals of the Toda system are adiabatic invariants (namely they are approximately constant along the Hamiltonian flow of the FPUT) for times of order \(\beta\) (where \(\beta\) is the inverse of the temperature of the chain), for initial data in a set of large measure. It is shown that special linear combinations of the harmonic energies are adiabatic invariants of the FPUT on the same time scale, whereas they become adiabatic invariants for all times for the Toda dynamics.