Generalizing dyadicity and Esenin-Vol'pin's theorem (Q2217254)

Esenin-Vol'pin's theorem [\textit{A. S. Esenin-Vol'pin}, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, n. Ser. 68, 441--444 (1949; Zbl 0033.02203)] states that the character and weight of a dyadic compact space are equal; in particular a first-countable dyadic compact space is metrizable. By the theorem of \textit{L. N. Ivanovskij} [ibid. 123, 785--786 (1958; Zbl 0113.25803)] and \textit{V. Kuz'minov} [ibid. 125, 727--729 (1959; Zbl 0133.28704)] on dyadicity of compact topological groups this result holds for continuous images of compact topological groups as well. The present paper generalizes this, as follows by separating `compact' and `topological group' as it were. Let \(G\)~be a topological group, \(X\) a \(\sigma\)-compact subset of~\(G\), and \(f:G\to Y\) a continuous surjection such that \(f[X]=Y\) as well. Then: if every point of~\(Y\) is a \(G_\delta\)-set then \(Y\)~has a countable network. This follows from a more general result involving Lindelöf \(\Sigma\) subspaces of topological groups. There are further applications to Lindelöf \(\Sigma\)-spaces and Lindelöf \(p\)-spaces.