Dynamics of supports of extremal measures in the field of a point charge (Q2217274)

The equations of motion of the Toda lattice for \(N\) points can be written in Flaschka coordinates \((a_k,b_k)_{1\leq k \leq N}\) as \[\frac{da_k}{dt}=b_k^2-b_{k-1}^2,\quad \frac{db_k}{dt}=b_k \frac{a_{k+1}-a_k}{2}\,.\] It can then be shown that this system admits a continuum limit as \(N \to\infty\) given in terms of some functions \(\alpha(x,t),\beta(x,t)\) by the hyperbolic system of equations \[\frac{\partial \alpha}{\partial t}=\frac{\alpha-\beta}{4}\frac{\partial \alpha}{\partial x},\quad \frac{\partial \beta}{\partial t}=\frac{\beta-\alpha}{4}\frac{\partial \beta}{\partial x}.\] As was observed in [\textit{M. A. Lapik}, Russ. J. Math. Phys. 13, No. 1, 119--121 (2006; Zbl 1130.37399); \textit{A. I. Aptekarev} and \textit{Yu. G. Rykov}, Russ. J. Math. Phys. 13, No. 1, 4--12 (2006; Zbl 1223.35224)], this system of equations appears in connection to extremal measures in problems of the theory of logarithmic potential. In this work, the author considers a similar problem where the external field has a logarithmic dependence on time, which is then related to the system of equations \[\frac{\partial \alpha}{\partial t}=\left(1- \sqrt{\frac{p-\beta}{p-\alpha}} \right)\frac{\partial \alpha}{\partial x},\quad \frac{\partial \beta}{\partial t}=\left(1- \sqrt{\frac{p-\alpha}{p-\beta}} \right)\frac{\partial \beta}{\partial x},\] for some fixed point \(p\).