Selection properties of the split interval and the Continuum hypothesis (Q2219091)

By a~multimap \(\varPhi:X\multimap Y\) between topological spaces \(X\) and~\(Y\), a~relation \(\varPhi\subseteq X\times Y\) is understood. Then \(\varPhi(x)=\{y\in Y:\langle x,y\rangle\in\varPhi\}\) for \(x\in X\) and \(\varPhi[A]=\bigcup_{x\in A}\Phi(x)\) for \(A\subseteq X\). The inverse of a~multimap~\(\varPhi\) is the inverse relation \(\varPhi^{-1}\subseteq Y\times X\). A~multimap \(\varPhi:X\multimap Y\) is said to be lower semicontinuous if \(\varPhi^{-1}[U]\) is open in~\(X\) for any open set \(U\subseteq Y\); upper semicontinuous if \(\varPhi^{-1}[F]\) is closed in~\(X\) for any closed set \(F\subseteq Y\); Borel-measurable if \(\varPhi^{-1}[B]\) is Borel in~\(X\) for any Borel set \(B\subseteq Y\); compact-valued if \(\varPhi(x)\) is a~nonempty compact subset of~\(Y\) for any \(x\in X\); usco if \(\varPhi\) is upper semicontinuous and compact-valued. A~function \(f:X\to Y\) is called a~selection of~\(\varPhi\) if \(f(x)\in\Phi(x)\) for every \(x\in X\). By a~classical theorem of Kuratowski and Ryll-Nardzewski any Borel-measurable multimap \(\varPhi:X\multimap Y\) between Polish spaces \(X\) and~\(Y\) with non-empty values has a~Borel-measurable selection. It can be deduced from results of [\textit{R. W. Hansell} et al., J. Reine Angew. Math. 361, 201--220 (1985; Zbl 0573.54012)] that any usco multimap \(\varPhi:X\multimap K\) from a perfectly paracompact space~\(X\) to a~fragmentable compact space~\(Y\) has an \(F_\sigma\)-measurable selection. A~Hausdorff topological space~\(X\) is called a generalized ordered space (briefly a~GO-space) if \(X\)~admits a~linear order~\(\le\) such that the family of open order-convex subsets of~\(X\) is a~base of the topology of~\(X\). In the paper under the review the author proves that, if \(X\) and~\(Y\) are countably cellular spaces and \(Y\)~is a~GO-space, then any usco multimap \(\varPhi:X\multimap Y\) has a~Borel-measurable selection. Moreover, this selection is \(F_\sigma\)-measurable, if every open set in~\(X\) is~\(F_\sigma\). The last two mentioned results suggest this question: Is it true that any usco map \(\varPhi:M\multimap K\) from a compact metrizable space~\(M\) to a~compact Hausdorff space~\(K\) has a Borel-measurable selection? Assuming the continuum hypothesis the author answers this question in the negative. As a~counterexample serves the multimap \({\mathbb I}^2\multimap\ddot{\mathbb I}^2\) from the square of the unit interval~\({\mathbb I}\) into the square of the split interval~\(\ddot{\mathbb I}\) which is the inverse of the natural projection \(\ddot{\mathbb I}^2\to{\mathbb I}^2\). As a~consequence, a~Rosenthal compact space~\(K\) is metrizable if and only if \(K\)~has no uncountable discrete subset and every usco multimap \(\varPhi:{\mathbb I}^2\multimap K^2\) has a~Borel-measurable selection.