Stable, thin wall, negative mass bubbles in de Sitter space-time (Q2226080)

The authors investigate a very interesting case of a Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime, when the mass parameter is formally put negative, or the sign of the Schwarzschild mass parameter in the well known solution is changed from + to $-$. One of the authors of this research, namely Paranjape M. B. is known as a concerned gravitational researcher. Of course, this is just a formal operation having nothing with physical meaning at first sight, but it leads to some interesting physical consequences. Between them, the most important conclusion is about possible existence of negative mass bubbles in an Early Universe and about removing of singularity in the center of coordinates. The authors prove the stability, staticity and negative mass (which at a first sight is a non-sense) of the asymptotic de Sitter solution of Einstein Equations. The authors made a detailed analysis of the new metric, citing their predecessors. As well they check the agreement with the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner definition of mass. The most important issue of the research is the existence of negative mass bubbles of de Sitter type in an Early Universe, which satisfies the dominant energy condition. The authors show that in spite of some difficulties with dominance in some parameters regions, more exactly in the bulk region far from the wall of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution the dominance condition is satisfied. The authors suppose, that the obtained results could be of interest for Early Universe cosmology. Moreover, they speculate about plasma of positive and negative chargeed particles and conclude that this could lead to very important thermodynamic consequences. The authors expect a further continuation of their research, especially of the search of negative mass solutions and suggest that an interesting relation with the cosmic censorship conjecture can be found.