Upper bounds of limit cycles in Abel differential equations with invariant curves (Q2226348)

The paper deals with upper bounds on the number of limit cycles for Abel differential equations having two periodic invariant curves, one of which is bounded. Under some conditions the authors establish the mentioned bounds for the following equation \[ x' = x(a_1(t)x - 1)(a_2(t)x - b_2(t)) + a_3(t)) \] with \(T\)-periodic smooth functions \(a_1\), \(a_2\), \(b_2\), \(a_3\), where \(a_2\) is not identically null. Then such an approach is applied to obtain upper bounds of either zero or one limit cycle for some planar differential systems that can be reduced to the considered equation.