Betti spectral gluing (Q2227275)

\textit{D. Arinkin} and \textit{D. Gaitsgory} [Sel. Math., New Ser. 21, No. 1, 1--199 (2015; Zbl 1423.14085)] showed in the de Rham setting of the geometric Langlands correspondence that one needs to shift from quasi-coherent sheaves to ind-coherent sheaves with nilpotent singular support on the spectral side to preserve parabolic induction. In prior works, the authors proposed a similar shift from perfect complexes to coherent sheaves in the Hochshild setting, and developed techniques for working with coherent sheaves, such as descent with prescribed singular support. The main result of this paper applies these techniques to show that the proposed Betti spectral category enjoys the gluing properties expected from TFT. More precisely, let \(S\) be a surface, \(G\) a complex reductive group, and \(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S)\) the moduli of \(G\)-local systems on \(S\) considered as a derived stack. Then the Betti spectral category is the dg category of coherent sheaves with nilpotent singular support \(\textrm{DCoh}_{\mathcal{N}}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S))\). Further, let \(B\subset G\) be a Borel subgroup and let \(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S,\partial S)\) be the parabolic derived stack of \(G\)-local systems on \(S\) with \(B\)-reductions along \(\partial S\). In the case of the cylinder \(S=S^1\times[0,1]\) it is the Grothendieck-Steinberg stack \(St_G\), and \(\mathcal{H}_G:=\textrm{DCoh}(St_G)\) is the spectral affine Hecke category equipped with monoidal structure induced by concatenation. Identifying two boundary components of \(\partial S\) with the same circle produces both a new surface \(\widetilde{S}\) and a natural bimodule structure on \(\textrm{DCoh}_{\mathcal{N}}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S,\partial S))\). The main result states that there is a canoncial equivalence \[ \textrm{DCoh}_{\mathcal{N}}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(\widetilde{S},\partial\widetilde{S}))\simeq\mathcal{H}_G\otimes_{\mathcal{H}_G}\otimes_{\mathcal{H}_G^{op}}\textrm{DCoh}_{\mathcal{N}}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S,\partial S)) \] respecting commuting Wilson line operators realized by Hecke modifications at points (the action of \(\textrm{Perf}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S))\)\,) and Verlinde loop operators realized by Hecke modifications along closed loops (the action of the center of \(\mathcal{H}_G\)). The authors call it the spectral Verlinde formula by analogy to braided tensor categories in TFT, and it allows one to reduce the description of the categories attached to arbitrary surfaces to those of disks, cylinders, pairs of pants, and Möbius bands. The result is deduced from a more abstract version for smooth derived stacks proved by descent with singular support, which also allows to specify arbitrary ramification conditions for \(G\)-local systems on \(S\) in terms of \(\mathcal{H}_G\) modules. These results suggest existence of a fully extended \((3 + 1)\)-dimensional TFT that assigns \(\textrm{DCoh}_{\mathcal{N}}(\mathcal{L}oc_G(S))\) to a surface \(S\), and the 2-category of small \(\mathcal{H}_G\)-module categories to the circle \(S^1\). A natural next step is to identify a suitable 3-category to assign to the point.