The images of completely homogeneous polynomials on \(2\times 2\) upper triangular matrix algebras (Q2230597)

This clearly and nicely written paper provides description of images of multyhomogenous polynomials on \(2\times 2\) upper triangular matrices \(T_2(K)\) over an algebraic closed field \(K\) of characteristic zero. Previously, for \(2\times 2\) matrices over quadratic closed fields a similar result was obtained in the paper [\textit{A. Kanel-Belov} et al., SIGMA, Symmetry Integrability Geom. Methods Appl. 16, Paper 071, 61 p. (2020; Zbl 1459.16012)]. The main result is the following: Theorem 1.1. Let \(K\) be an algebraic closed field of characteristic zero. Let \(n\ge 1\) be an integer. Let \(p(x_1,\dots,x_n)\) be a completely homogenous polynomial of multidegree \((d_1,\dots,d_n)\), in non-commutative variables over \(K\). Then \[p(T_2(K)) = \{0\}, T_2(K), T_2(K)^0, T_2(K)\backslash \left( \begin{array}{cc} 0 & K\backslash 0 \\ 0 & 0 \\ \end{array} \right). \] \(T_2(K)^0\) denotess the set of all \(2\times 2\) strictly upper triangular matrices. For a more detailed description of the structure of the polynomial \(p\) see Theorem 2.1 of the paper.